Definition of foreign exchange rate. Determination of foreign exchange rate in foreign exchange market: Floating and fixed systems. Causes of foreign exchange rate fluctuations: Including changes in demand for exports and imports, changes in the rate of interest, speculation, and the entry or departure of MNCs. Consequences of foreign exchange rate fluctuations: The effects of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on export and import prices and spending on imports and exports via the PED. The difference between, and the advantages and disadvantages of, a floating foreign exchange rate and a fixed foreign exchange rate system.
Influences to include demand for the product, the price of different factors of production, their availability and their productivity. The reasons for adopting the different forms of production and their advantages and disadvantages. The difference between, and influences on, production and productivity.