Definitions and examples of land, labour, capital and enterprise. Examples of the nature of each factor of production. The influences on the mobility of the various factors. The causes of changes in the quantity and quality of the various factors.
The factors that affect population growth: Birth rate, death rate, net migration, immigration and emigration. Reasons for different rates of population growth in different countries: How and why birth rates, death rates and net migration vary between countries. The effects of changes in the size and structure of population on different countries: The concept of an optimum population. The effects of increases and decreases in population size and changes in the age and gender distribution of population. Note: interpretation of a population pyramid is required, but drawing is not.
Establishing that the economic problem creates three key questions about determining resource allocation – what to produce, how, and for whom.