Describe tests to identify the gases: (a) ammonia, ( NH_3 ), using damp red litmus paper (b) carbon dioxide, ( CO_2 ), using limewater (c) chlorine, ( Cl_2 ), using damp litmus paper (d) hydrogen, ( H_2 ), using a lighted splint (e) oxygen, ( O_2 ), using a glowing splint (f) sulfur dioxide, ( SO_2 ), using acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII)

Explain how oxides of nitrogen form in car engines and describe their removal by catalytic converters, e.g. (2CO + 2NO ightarrow 2CO_2 + N_2)

Explain, in terms of kinetic particle theory, the effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas