Understand what is meant by a sensor and the purposes of sensors, and identify the type of data captured by each sensor and understand when each sensor would be used, including selecting the most suitable sensor for a given context

Any form of data needs to be converted to binary to be processed by a computer. Data is processed using logic gates and stored in registers. Denary is a base 10 system. Binary is a base 2 system. Hexadecimal is a base 16 system. Values used will be integers only. Conversions in both directions, e.g., denary to binary or binary to denary. Maximum binary number length of 16-bit. Hexadecimal is easier for humans to understand than binary, as it is a shorter representation of binary. An overflow error will occur if the value is greater than 255 in an 8-bit register. A computer or a device has a predefined limit that it can represent or store, for example, 16-bit. An overflow error occurs when a value outside this limit should be returned.