Describe how alpha-particle scattering experiments provide evidence for: (a) a very small nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space (b) a nucleus containing most of the mass of the atom (c) a nucleus that is positively charged
Describe the detection of alpha particles (α-particles) using a cloud chamber or spark counter and the detection of beta particles (β-particles) (β-particles will be taken to refer to β-) and gamma radiation (γ-radiation) by using a Geiger-Müller tube and counter
Describe α-particles as two protons and two neutrons (helium nuclei), β-particles as high-speed electrons from the nucleus and γ-radiation as high-frequency electromagnetic waves