Outline the nitrogen cycle in making nitrogen available for plant and animal protein, limited to: (a) decomposition of plant and animal protein to ammonium ions (b) nitrification (c) nitrogen fixation by lightning and bacteria (d) absorption of nitrate ions by plants (e) production of amino acids and protein (f) feeding and digestion of proteins (g) denitrification (the names of individual bacteria are not required)

Describe how fermenters can be used for the large-scale production of useful products by bacteria and fungi, including the conditions that need to be controlled, limited to: temperature, pH, oxygen, nutrient supply and waste products