Older MCQs might not have the typical A, B, C,
D
choices. They
have choices 1, 2, 3, and a combination of them is the answer. Below is the key that maps such
combinations to the answer.
A
1, 2 and 3 are correct
B
1 and 2 only are correct
C
2 and 3 only are correct
D
1 only is correct
Name the main blood vessels that carry blood to and from the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys, limited to: aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, hepatic vein, hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, renal artery and renal vein
State the functions of the components of blood: (a) red blood cells – oxygen transport (b) white blood cells – antibody production by lymphocytes and engulfing pathogens by phagocytes (c) platelets – clotting by converting soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin to prevent blood loss and the entry of pathogens (d) plasma – transport, limited to: blood cells, ions, glucose, amino acids, hormones, carbon dioxide, urea, vitamins and plasma proteins
Outline the function of a nephron and its associated blood vessels, limited to: (a) the role of the glomerulus in the filtration from the blood of water, glucose, urea and ions (b) the role of the nephron in the reabsorption of all of the glucose, some of the ions and most of the water back into the blood (c) the formation of urine containing urea, excess water and excess ions (details of these processes are not required)
