show understanding of the basic internal operation of the following specific types of device: keyboard, trackerball mouse, optical mouse, scanner, inkjet printer, laser printer, 3D printer, speakers, hard disk, solid state (flash) memory, optical discs, microphone, touchscreen

describe the ways in which the user interface hides the complexities of the hardware from the user

show an understanding of the need for typical utility software used by a PC computer system: disk formatter, virus checker, defragmenter software, disk contents analysis/disk repair software, file compression, backup software