Show understanding of the purpose of interrupts

The concept of multi-tasking and a process. The process states: running, ready and blocked. The need for scheduling and the function and benefits of different scheduling routines (including round robin, shortest job first, first come first served, shortest remaining time). How the kernel of the OS acts as an interrupt handler and how interrupt handling is used to manage low-level scheduling. The concepts of paging, virtual memory and segmentation. The difference between paging and segmentation. How pages can be replaced. How disk thrashing can occur.