Uses of monitoring and measurement technologies, including: environmental monitoring o monitoring water pollution o weather stations, including the use of sensors by weather stations o temperature sensors to measure ambient temperature o pressure sensors to measure atmospheric pressure o humidity sensors to measure absolute and relative humidity o light sensors to measure sunlight; monitoring patients

Methods and uses of real-time processing systems where the output affects the input, including: microprocessor-controlled/computer-controlled systems, including: greenhouse, central heating systems, air conditioning systems, burglar alarms, control of traffic/pedestrian flow/smart motorways, car park barriers, traffic lights; wireless sensor and actuator networks, including: smart homes, guidance systems (for space rockets, etc.), autonomous vehicles (including aircraft, cars/automobiles, drones and ships)