Preventing misuse of personal data, including: how personal data can be kept secure, including network security measures, how personal data can be gathered by unauthorised persons (smishing, visiting, phishing and pharming) and how this might be prevented, including firewalls (hardware and software)

Methods of preventing network security issues, including: use of barriers, locks, surveillance, alarm systems, security guards, how software methods can prevent unauthorised access, including: o biometric methods o anti-malware o anti-virus and anti-spyware software for protecting data, files and systems o encryption o access rights/permissions for protecting data and files, how firewalls can be configured to control access to networks