define and use the term mole in terms of the Avogadro constant

determine the electronic configuration of atoms and ions given the atomic or proton number and charge, using either of the following conventions: e.g. for Fe: \( 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^6 4s^2 \) (full electronic configuration) or \( [Ar] 3d^6 4s^2 \) (shortband electronic configuration)

explain, including by use of an equation, the use of chlorine in water purification to include the production of the active species HOCI and CIO\(^-\) which kill bacteria