explain and use the terms catalyst and catalysis: (a) explain that, in the presence of a catalyst, a reaction has a different mechanism, i.e. one of lower activation energy (b) explain this catalytic effect in terms of the Boltzmann distribution (c) construct and interpret a reaction pathway diagram, for a reaction in the presence and absence of an effective catalyst

explain, including by use of an equation, the use of chlorine in water purification to include the production of the active species HOCI and CIO\(^-\) which kill bacteria

describe the hydrolysis of esters by dilute acid and by dilute alkali and heat