state the names and formulas of the common acids, limited to hydrochloric acid, HCl, sulfuric acid, \( H_2SO_4 \), nitric acid, \( HNO_3 \), ethanoic acid, \( CH_3COOH \)

recall the reactions (reagents and conditions) by which aldehydes and ketones can be produced: (a) the oxidation of primary alcohols using acidified \( K_2Cr_2O_7 \) or acidified \( KMnO_4 \) and distillation to produce aldehydes (b) the oxidation of secondary alcohols using acidified \( K_2Cr_2O_7 \) or acidified \( KMnO_4 \) and distillation to produce ketones

recall the reactions by which carboxylic acids can be produced: (a) oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes with acidified \( K_2Cr_2O_7 \) or acidified \( KMnO_4 \) and refluxing (b) hydrolysis of nitriles with dilute acid or dilute alkali followed by acidification (c) hydrolysis of esters with dilute acid or dilute alkali and heat followed by acidification