state and explain the natural and man-made occurrences of oxides of nitrogen and their catalytic removal from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

explain and use the terms catalyst and catalysis: (a) explain that, in the presence of a catalyst, a reaction has a different mechanism, i.e. one of lower activation energy (b) explain this catalytic effect in terms of the Boltzmann distribution (c) construct and interpret a reaction pathway diagram, for a reaction in the presence and absence of an effective catalyst

recognise the environmental consequences of carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen and unburnt hydrocarbons arising from the combustion of alkanes in the internal combustion engine and of their catalytic removal