recall the reactions (reagents and conditions) by which alkanes can be produced: (a) addition of hydrogen to an alkene in a hydrogenation reaction, \( H_2(g) \) and Pt/Ni catalyst and heat (b) cracking of a longer chain alkane, heat with \( Al_2O_3 \)

define and use the terms: (a) standard conditions (this syllabus assumes that these are 298 K and 101 kPa) shown by \(^\circ\). (b) enthalpy change with particular reference to: reaction, \(\Delta H_r\), formation, \(\Delta H_f\), combustion, \(\Delta H_c\), neutralisation, \(\Delta H_{neut}\)