describe the following nucleophilic substitution reactions: (a) the reaction with NaOH(aq) and heat to produce an alcohol (b) the reaction with KCN in ethanol and heat to produce a nitrile (c) the reaction with \( NH_3 \) in ethanol heated under pressure to produce an amine (d) the reaction with aqueous silver nitrate in ethanol as a method of identifying the halogen present as exemplified by bromoethane

deduce the molecular and/or empirical formula of a compound, given its structural, displayed or skeletal formula

for an organic molecule containing several functional groups: (a) identify organic functional groups using the reactions in the syllabus (b) predict properties and reactions