how to calculate key accounting ratios to measure profitability, liquidity and efficiency: profitability ratios: gross profit margin, mark-up, profit margin, return on capital employed, expenses to revenue ratio (operating expenses to revenue ratio), liquidity ratios: current ratio, acid test ratio, efficiency ratios: non-current asset turnover, trade receivables turnover (days), trade payables turnover (days), inventory turnover (days), rate of inventory turnover (times)
how to calculate the following ratios: working capital cycle (in days), net working assets to revenue (sales), interest cover, gearing ratio, earnings per share, price/earnings ratio, dividend per share, dividend yield, dividend cover
how to apply the following capital investment appraisal techniques: payback, accounting rate of return (ARR = (average profit / average investment) × 100), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR)