---

---

1

Decimal sub-multiples and multiples of units are indicated using a prefix to the unit. For example, the prefix milli represents 10–3. Which of the following gives the sub-multiples or multiples represented by pico and giga (G)?

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.2. SI units

Open

2

A metal sphere of radius r is dropped into a tank of water. As it sinks at speed v, it experiences a drag force F given by F = kr v, where k is a constant. What are the SI base units of k?

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.2. SI units

15. Ideal gases  →  15.1. The mole

Open

3

An Olympic athlete of mass 80 kg competes in a 100 m race. What is the best estimate of his mean kinetic energy during the race?

15. Ideal gases  →  15.3. Kinetic theory of gases

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.2. Gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

Open

4

In an experiment, a radio-controlled car takes 2.50 ± 0.05 s to travel 40.0 ± 0.1 m. What is the car’s average speed and the uncertainty in this value?

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.3. Errors and uncertainties

Open

5

The diagram shows two pulses on the screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope. A grid of 1 cm squares covers the screen. The time base setting is 1 µs cm–1. 1 cm How long does each pulse last?

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

24. Medical physics  →  24.2. Production and use of X-rays

19. Capacitance  →  19.3. Discharging a capacitor

Open

6

Which feature of a graph allows acceleration to be determined?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

Open

7

A boy throws a ball vertically upwards. It rises to a maximum height, where it is momentarily at rest, and falls back to his hands. Which of the following gives the acceleration of the ball at various stages in its motion?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

Open

8

The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for a car. t / s v / m s–1 What is the distance travelled between time t = 0 and t = 4 s?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

Open

9

A projectile is launched at point O and follows the path OPQRS, as shown...

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

3. Dynamics  →  3.3. Linear momentum and its conservation

Open

10

Which is not one of Newton's laws of motion?

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

Open

11

Two equal masses travel towards each other on a frictionless air track at speeds of 60 cm s–1 and 40 cm s–1. They stick together on impact. 60 cm s–1 40 cm s–1 What is the speed of the masses after impact?

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

3. Dynamics  →  3.3. Linear momentum and its conservation

Open

12

What is the centre of gravity of an object?

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.1. Turning effects of forces

13. Gravitational fields  →  13.2. Gravitational force between point masses

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

Open

13

An L-shaped rigid lever arm is pivoted at point P. 3 m 2 m 1 m 2 m 5 N 20 N 10 N P Three forces act on the lever arm, as shown...

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.2. Equilibrium of forces

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.1. Turning effects of forces

Open

14

The vector diagram shows three coplanar forces acting on an object at P. P 3 N 4 N 4 N The magnitude of the resultant of these three forces is 1 N. What is the direction of this resultant?

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.2. Equilibrium of forces

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

Open

15

A steel ball is falling at constant speed in oil. Which graph shows the variation with time of the gravitational potential energy Ep and the kinetic energy Ek of the ball?

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.2. Gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

Open

16

An electrical generator is started at time zero. The total electrical energy generated during the first 5 seconds is shown...

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.1. Energy conservation

22. Quantum physics  →  22.2. Photoelectric effect

9. Electricity  →  9.2. Potential difference and power

Open

17

A concrete cube of side 0.50 m and uniform density 2.0 x 103 kg m–3 is lifted 3.0 m vertically by a crane. What is the change in potential energy of the cube?

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.1. Energy conservation

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.2. Gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

Open

18

The hydrostatic pressure p at a depth h in a liquid of density ρ is given by the formula p = hρ g. Which equation, or principle of physics, is used in the derivation of this formula?

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.3. Density and pressure

Open

19

Pollen grains are suspended in a liquid and are illuminated strongly. When observed under a microscope they are seen to be in continuous random motion. What is the reason for this?

3. Dynamics  →  3.2. Non-uniform motion

Open

20

A number of similar springs, each having the same spring constant, are joined in three arrangements X, Y and Z. The same load is applied to each. load X load Y load Z What is the order of increasing extension for these arrangements?

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.1. Stress and strain

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.2. Elastic and plastic behaviour

Open

21

Cylindrical samples of steel, glass and rubber are each subjected to a gradually increasing tensile force F. The extensions e are measured and graphs are plotted as shown...

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.2. Elastic and plastic behaviour

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.1. Stress and strain

Open

22

Two steel wires P and Q have lengths l and 2l respectively, and cross-sectional areas A and 2 A respectively. Both wires obey Hooke’s law. What is the ratio Q in tension P in tension when both wires are stretched to the same extension?

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.1. Stress and strain

Open

23

What do not travel at the speed of light in a vacuum?

7. Waves  →  7.4. Electromagnetic spectrum

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

24. Medical physics  →  24.2. Production and use of X-rays

Open

24

The number of wavelengths of visible light in one metre is of the order of A 104. B 106. C 108. D 1010.

7. Waves  →  7.4. Electromagnetic spectrum

8. Superposition  →  8.4. The diffraction grating

Open

25

A health inspector is measuring the intensity of a sound. Near a loudspeaker his meter records an intensity I. This corresponds to an amplitude A of the sound wave. At another position the meter gives an intensity reading of 2 I. What is the corresponding sound wave amplitude?

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

24. Medical physics  →  24.1. Production and use of ultrasound

Open

26

A sound wave is set up in a long tube, closed at one end. The length of the tube is adjusted until the sound from the tube is loudest. What is the nature of the sound wave in the tube?

7. Waves  →  7.2. Transverse and longitudinal waves

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

Open

27

T is a microwave transmitter placed at a fixed distance from a flat reflecting surface S. T S A small microwave receiver is moved steadily from T towards S and receives signals of alternate maxima and minima of intensity. The distance between successive maxima is 15 mm. What is the frequency of the microwaves?

8. Superposition  →  8.1. Stationary waves

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

Open

28

A teacher sets up the apparatus shown...

8. Superposition  →  8.3. Interference

8. Superposition  →  8.2. Diffraction

Open

29

A parallel beam of white light is incident normally on a diffraction grating. It is noted that the second-order and third-order spectra partially overlap. Which wavelength in the third-order spectrum appears at the same angle as the wavelength of 600 nm in the second-order spectrum?

8. Superposition  →  8.4. The diffraction grating

7. Waves  →  7.4. Electromagnetic spectrum

Open

30

The diagram shows a pair of metal plates 4.0 mm apart connected to a 9.0 V battery. 4.0 mm 9.0 V What is the electric field between the plates?

18. Electric fields  →  18.2. Uniform electric fields

18. Electric fields  →  18.5. Electric potential

Open

31

Which diagram represents the electric field in the vicinity of a positive electric charge of magnitude Q?

18. Electric fields  →  18.1. Electric fields and field lines

18. Electric fields  →  18.5. Electric potential

18. Electric fields  →  18.4. Electric field of a point charge

Open

32

A copper wire of cross-sectional area 2.0 mm2 carries a current of 10 A. How many electrons pass through a given cross-section of the wire in one second?

9. Electricity  →  9.1. Electric current

24. Medical physics  →  24.2. Production and use of X-rays

20. Magnetic fields  →  20.4. Magnetic fields due to currents

Open

33

A cylindrical piece of a soft, electrically-conducting material has resistance R. It is rolled out so that its length is doubled but its volume stays constant. What is its new resistance?

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

Open

34

The I-V characteristics of two electrical components P and Q are shown...

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

21. Alternating currents  →  21.1. Characteristics of alternating currents

Open

35

Which electrical component is represented by the following symbol?

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.3. Potential dividers

Open

36

The diagram shows a circuit with four voltmeter readings V, V1, V2 and V3. V V 2R R R V3 V2 V1 V V V Which equation relating the voltmeter readings must be true?

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.2. Kirchhoff’s laws

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.1. Practical circuits

Open

37

In the circuit below, P is a potentiometer of total resistance 10 Ω and Q is a fixed resistor of resistance 10 Ω. The battery has an e.m.f. of 4.0 V and negligible internal resistance. The voltmeter has a very high resistance. The slider on the potentiometer is moved from X to Y and a graph of voltmeter reading V is plotted against slider position. 4.0 V X Y P Q V Which graph is obtained?

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.3. Potential dividers

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.1. Practical circuits

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

Open

38

Which two nuclei contain the same number of neutrons?

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

Open

39

A student conducts an experiment using an α-particle source. When considering safety precautions, what can be assumed to be the maximum range of α-particles in air?

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

24. Medical physics  →  24.2. Production and use of X-rays

Open

40

The following represents a sequence of radioactive decays involving two α-particles and one β-particle. 217At V W X α α β What is the nuclide X?

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

23. Nuclear physics  →  23.2. Radioactive decay

Open