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1

Which pair includes a vector quantity and a scalar quantity?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.4. Scalars and vectors

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.1. Energy conservation

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2

For which quantity is the magnitude a reasonable estimate?

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.1. Physical quantities

15. Ideal gases  →  15.1. The mole

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3

The following physical quantities can be either positive or negative. s : displacement of a particle along a straight line θ : temperature on the Celsius scale q : electric charge V : readings on a digital voltmeter Which of these quantities are vectors?

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.1. Physical quantities

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.2. SI units

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4

A light meter measures the intensity I of the light falling on it. Theory suggests that this varies as the inverse square of the distance d. light meter d Which graph of the results supports this theory?

25. Astronomy and cosmology  →  25.1. Standard candles

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

8. Superposition  →  8.3. Interference

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5

The cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) display shows the waveform produced by an electronic circuit. The c.r.o. time-base is set at 10 ms per division. What is the period of the signal shown...

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

19. Capacitance  →  19.3. Discharging a capacitor

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6

The resistance R of an unknown resistor is found by measuring the potential difference V across the resistor and the current I through it and using the equation R = I V . The voltmeter reading has a 3 % uncertainty and the ammeter reading has a 2 % uncertainty. What is the uncertainty in the calculated resistance?

1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.3. Errors and uncertainties

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

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7

An experiment is done to measure the acceleration of free fall of a body from rest. Which measurements are needed?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

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8

The velocity of an object during the first five seconds of its motion is shown...

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

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9

The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for a mass moving up and down on the end of a spring. Which point represents the velocity of the mass when at the lowest point of its motion?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

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10

A cyclist is riding at a steady speed on a level road. According to Newton’s third law of motion, what is equal and opposite to the backward push of the back wheel on the road?

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

3. Dynamics  →  3.2. Non-uniform motion

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11

In perfectly elastic collisions between two atoms, it is always true to say that A the initial speed of one atom will be the same as the final speed of the other atom. B the relative speed of approach between the two atoms equals their relative speed of separation. C the total momentum must be conserved, but a small amount of the total kinetic energy may be lost in the collision. D whatever their initial states of motion, neither atom can be stationary after the collision.

3. Dynamics  →  3.3. Linear momentum and its conservation

15. Ideal gases  →  15.3. Kinetic theory of gases

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12

Two railway trucks of masses m and 3m move towards each other in opposite directions with speeds 2v and v respectively. These trucks collide and stick together. What is the speed of the trucks after the collision?

3. Dynamics  →  3.3. Linear momentum and its conservation

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

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13

The diagrams show three forces acting on a body. In which diagram is the body in equilibrium?

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.2. Equilibrium of forces

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14

A force F is applied to a beam at a distance d from a pivot. The force acts at an angle θ to a line perpendicular to the beam. pivot d F θ Which combination will cause the largest turning effect about the pivot?

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.1. Turning effects of forces

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15

A rigid uniform bar of length 2.4 m is pivoted horizontally at its mid-point. 200 N 300 N 0.8 m 0.8 m Weights are hung from two points of the bar as shown...

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.1. Turning effects of forces

4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.2. Equilibrium of forces

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16

What is the internal energy of an object?

16. Thermodynamics  →  16.1. Internal energy

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.1. Energy conservation

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17

A motorist travelling at 10 m s–1 can bring his car to rest in a braking distance of 10 m. In what distance could he bring the car to rest from a speed of 30 m s–1 using the same braking force?

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion

3. Dynamics  →  3.2. Non-uniform motion

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18

A stone of weight 4.0 N in the Earth’s gravitational field is moved from P to Q and then to R along the path shown...

5. Work, energy and power  →  5.2. Gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

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19

Below are four short paragraphs describing the molecules in a beaker of water at 50 oC. Which paragraph correctly describes the molecules?

15. Ideal gases  →  15.3. Kinetic theory of gases

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20

In an experiment to demonstrate Brownian motion, smoke particles in a container are illuminated by a strong light source and observed through a microscope. The particles are seen as small specks of light that are in motion. What causes the Brownian motion?

3. Dynamics  →  3.2. Non-uniform motion

18. Electric fields  →  18.2. Uniform electric fields

23. Nuclear physics  →  23.2. Radioactive decay

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21

In describing the behaviour of a spring, the spring constant is used. Different loads are used to extend the spring by different amounts. To find the spring constant, which quantities are required?

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.1. Stress and strain

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.2. Elastic and plastic behaviour

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22

The graph shows the behaviour of a sample of a metal when it is stretched until it starts to undergo plastic deformation. 10.0 12.0 extension / mm force / N X Y What is the total work done in stretching the sample from zero extension to 12.0 mm?

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.2. Elastic and plastic behaviour

6. Deformation of solids  →  6.1. Stress and strain

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23

Which phenomenon is associated with transverse waves but not longitudinal waves?

7. Waves  →  7.2. Transverse and longitudinal waves

7. Waves  →  7.5. Polarisation

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24

A displacement-time graph is shown...

2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

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25

The frequency of a certain wave is 500 Hz and its speed is 340 m s–1. What is the phase difference between the motions of two points on the wave 0.17 m apart?

7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves

17. Oscillations  →  17.1. Simple harmonic oscillations

8. Superposition  →  8.1. Stationary waves

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26

Where, in a standing wave, do the vibrations of the medium occur?

8. Superposition  →  8.1. Stationary waves

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27

Monochromatic light is incident on a diffraction grating and a diffraction pattern is observed. Which line of the table gives the effect of replacing the grating with one that has more lines per metre?

8. Superposition  →  8.4. The diffraction grating

8. Superposition  →  8.2. Diffraction

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28

A double-slit interference experiment is set up as shown...

8. Superposition  →  8.3. Interference

8. Superposition  →  8.2. Diffraction

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29

Two parallel metal plates are at potentials of +800 V and +1300 V. Which diagram best shows the electric field between the metal plates?

18. Electric fields  →  18.2. Uniform electric fields

18. Electric fields  →  18.1. Electric fields and field lines

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30

An electron of charge e is introduced between two metal plates a distance d apart. A potential difference V is applied to the plates as shown...

18. Electric fields  →  18.3. Electric force between point charges

18. Electric fields  →  18.2. Uniform electric fields

18. Electric fields  →  18.1. Electric fields and field lines

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31

The current in the circuit is 4.8 A. R X Y What is the rate of flow and the direction of flow of electrons through the resistor R?

20. Magnetic fields  →  20.4. Magnetic fields due to currents

9. Electricity  →  9.1. Electric current

20. Magnetic fields  →  20.3. Force on a moving charge

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32

Which equation is used to define resistance?

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

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33

A p.d. of 12 V is connected between P and Q. 500 Ω 1000 Ω 1000 Ω 2000 Ω P Q X Y What is the p.d. between X and Y?

9. Electricity  →  9.2. Potential difference and power

9. Electricity  →  9.1. Electric current

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34

The diagram shows a low-voltage circuit for heating the water in a fish tank. source heater The heater has a resistance of 3.0 Ω. The voltage source has an e.m.f. of 12 V and an internal resistance of 1.0 Ω. At what rate does the voltage source supply energy to the heater?

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.1. Practical circuits

16. Thermodynamics  →  16.2. The first law of thermodynamics

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.2. Kirchhoff’s laws

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35

The diagram shows an arrangement of resistors. Y X 10 Ω 10 Ω 10 Ω 10 Ω What is the total electrical resistance between X and Y?

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.2. Kirchhoff’s laws

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36

When four identical lamps P, Q, R and S are connected as shown...

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

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37

The diagram shows a light-dependent resistor (LDR) and a thermistor forming a potential divider. + – Under which set of conditions will the potential difference across the thermistor have the greatest value?

10. D.C. circuits  →  10.3. Potential dividers

9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity

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38

What is a correct order of magnitude estimate for the diameter of a typical atomic nucleus?

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

25. Astronomy and cosmology  →  25.2. Stellar radii

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39

The decay of a nucleus of neptunium is accompanied by the emission of a β-particle and γ-radiation. What effect (if any) does this decay have on the proton number and the nucleon number of the nucleus?

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

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40

Radon-220 is radioactive and decays to Polonium-216 with the emission of an α-particle. The equation for the radioactive decay is shown...

11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation

23. Nuclear physics  →  23.2. Radioactive decay

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