9702_w10_qp_22
A paper of Physics, 9702
Questions:
7
Year:
2010
Paper:
2
Variant:
2
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1
Distinguish between vector quantities and scalar quantities. State whether each of the following is a vector quantity or a scalar quantity. 1. temperature 2. acceleration of free fall 3. electrical resistance For Examiner’s Use A block of wood of weight 25 N is held stationary on a slope by means of a string, as shown in . 35° 25 N string slope R T The tension in the string is T and the slope pushes on the block with a force R that is normal to the slope. Either by scale drawing on or by calculation, determine the tension T in the string. T = N
1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.4. Scalars and vectors
2. Kinematics  →  2.1. Equations of motion
1. Physical quantities and units  →  1.1. Physical quantities
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2
For Examiner’s Use A ball is thrown from a point P, which is at ground level, as illustrated in . h 36° P path of ball wall The initial velocity of the ball is 12.4 m s–1 at an angle of 36° to the horizontal. The ball just passes over a wall of height h. The ball reaches the wall 0.17 s after it has been thrown. Assuming air resistance to be negligible, calculate the horizontal distance of point P from the wall, distance = m For Examiner’s Use the height h of the wall. h = m A second ball is thrown from point P with the same velocity as the ball in . For this ball, air resistance is not negligible. This ball hits the wall and rebounds. On , sketch the path of this ball between point P and the point where it first hits the ground.
3. Dynamics  →  3.2. Non-uniform motion
5. Work, energy and power  →  5.1. Energy conservation
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3
For Examiner’s Use State what is meant by the centre of gravity of a body. A uniform rectangular sheet of card of weight W is suspended from a wooden rod. The card is held to one side, as shown in . rod card On , mark, and label with the letter C, the position of the centre of gravity of the card, mark with an arrow labelled W the weight of the card. For Examiner’s Use The card in is released. The card swings on the rod and eventually comes to rest. List the two forces, other than its weight and air resistance, that act on the card during the time that it is swinging. State where the forces act. 1. 2. By reference to the completed diagram of , state the position in which the card comes to rest. Explain why the card comes to rest in this position.
4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.1. Turning effects of forces
3. Dynamics  →  3.1. Momentum and Newton’s laws of motion
4. Forces, density and pressure  →  4.2. Equilibrium of forces
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4
For Examiner’s Use A metal wire has spring constant k. Forces are applied to the ends of the wire to extend it within the limit of Hooke’s law. Show that, for an extension x, the strain energy E stored in the wire is given by E = 1 2kx 2. The wire in is now extended beyond its elastic limit. The forces causing the extension are then removed. The variation with extension x of the tension F in the wire is shown in . 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 x / mm F / N Energy ES is expended to cause a permanent extension of the wire. On , shade the area that represents the energy ES. For Examiner’s Use Use to calculate the energy ES. ES = mJ Suggest the change in the structure of the wire that is caused by the energy ES.
6. Deformation of solids  →  6.1. Stress and strain
6. Deformation of solids  →  6.2. Elastic and plastic behaviour
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5
For Examiner’s Use A student is studying a water wave in which all the wavefronts are parallel to one another. The variation with time t of the displacement x of a particular particle in the wave is shown in . x / mm +1 –1 –2 –3 +2 +3 t / s 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 The distance d of the oscillating particles from the source of the waves is measured. At a particular time, the variation of the displacement x with this distance d is shown in . x / mm +1 –1 –2 –3 +2 +3 d / cm Define, for a wave, what is meant by displacement, wavelength. For Examiner’s Use Use Figs. 5.1 and 5.2 to determine, for the water wave, the period T of vibration, T = s the wavelength k, k = cm the speed v. v = cm s–1 Use Figs. 5.1 and 5.2 to state and explain whether the wave is losing power as it moves away from the source. Determine the ratio intensity of wave at source ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– intensity of wave 6.0 cm from source . ratio =
7. Waves  →  7.1. Progressive waves
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6
For Examiner’s Use The variation with temperature of the resistance RT of a thermistor is shown in . 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 temperature / °C RT / kΩ The thermistor is connected into the circuit of . V 9.0 V 1.2 kΩ 1.6 kΩ A B For Examiner’s Use The battery has e.m.f. 9.0 V and negligible internal resistance. The voltmeter has infinite resistance. For the thermistor at 22.5 °C, calculate the total resistance between points A and B on , resistance = Ω the reading on the voltmeter. voltmeter reading = V The temperature of the thermistor is changed. The voltmeter now reads 4.0 V. Determine the total resistance between points A and B on , resistance = Ω For Examiner’s Use the temperature of the thermistor. temperature = °C A student suggests that the voltmeter, reading up to 10 V, could be calibrated to measure temperature. Suggest two disadvantages of using the circuit of with this voltmeter for the measurement of temperature in the range 0 °C to 25 °C. 1. 2.
9. Electricity  →  9.3. Resistance and resistivity
14. Temperature  →  14.2. Temperature scales
10. D.C. circuits  →  10.3. Potential dividers
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7
For Examiner’s Use The results of the a-particle scattering experiment provided evidence for the existence and small size of the nucleus. State the result that provided evidence for the small size of the nucleus, compared with the atom, the nucleus being charged and containing the majority of the mass of the atom. The a-particles in this experiment originated from the decay of a radioactive nuclide. Suggest two reasons why b-particles from a radioactive source would be inappropriate for this type of scattering experiment. 1. 2.
11. Particle physics  →  11.1. Atoms, nuclei and radiation
22. Quantum physics  →  22.3. Wave-particle duality
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