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1

Some yeast, sugar and water are mixed in a test-tube. The diagrams show the test-tube at the start and after one hour. at start after one hour yeast, sugar and water bubbles of gas Which process causes this change?

21. Biotechnology and genetic modification  →  21.2. Biotechnology

12. Respiration  →  12.1. Respiration

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2

Which name is given to a group of individuals that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring?

1. Characteristics and classification of living organisms  →  1.2. Concept and uses of classification systems

19. Organisms and their environment  →  19.4. Populations

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3

Use the key to identify the animal shown...

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4

Which organelles are present in large numbers in cells that produce insulin?

14. Coordination and response  →  14.3. Hormones

14. Coordination and response  →  14.4. Homeostasis

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5

The actual thickness of the leaf shown...

2. Organisation of the organism  →  2.2. Size of specimens

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6

The diagram shows an experiment on osmosis. Which arrow shows the direction of the net movement of water at the start of the experiment?

3. Movement into and out of cells  →  3.2. Osmosis

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7

Active transport is the movement of A molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration. B particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy from respiration. C urine by relaxation of a sphincter muscle in the bladder. D water through a partially permeable membrane from a more dilute to a more concentrated solution.

3. Movement into and out of cells  →  3.3. Active transport

3. Movement into and out of cells  →  3.1. Diffusion

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8

When bases pair up in the formation of DNA, what is one of the pairings?

4. Biological molecules  →  4.1. Biological molecules

17. Inheritance  →  17.1. Chromosomes, genes and proteins

18. Variation and selection  →  18.1. Variation

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9

Small molecules are used as the basic units in the synthesis of large food molecules. Which statement is correct?

4. Biological molecules  →  4.1. Biological molecules

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10

Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the activity of an enzyme?

5. Enzymes  →  5.1. Enzymes

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11

The diagram represents enzyme action. + W + Y X What are parts W, X and Y in this chemical reaction?

5. Enzymes  →  5.1. Enzymes

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12

Two similar leaves are set up in test-tubes as shown...

6. Plant nutrition  →  6.1. Photosynthesis

17. Inheritance  →  17.4. Monohybrid inheritance

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13

The diagram shows a villus. The arrows show the direction of flow within vessels associated with the villus. Which vessel carries blood to the liver?

7. Human nutrition  →  7.5. Absorption

9. Transport in animals  →  9.3. Blood vessels

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14

What is not a result of cholera infection?

10. Diseases and immunity  →  10.1. Diseases and immunity

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15

What is the function of bile?

7. Human nutrition  →  7.3. Physical digestion

7. Human nutrition  →  7.4. Chemical digestion

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16

Which graph shows most clearly what will happen to the rate of transpiration as humidity increases?

8. Transport in plants  →  8.3. Transpiration

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17

The diagram shows a potted plant and the same plant 24 hours later. 24 hours What causes the change in the appearance of the plant?

8. Transport in plants  →  8.3. Transpiration

8. Transport in plants  →  8.2. Water uptake

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18

The diagram shows a section through the human heart. Which is the right atrioventricular valve?

9. Transport in animals  →  9.2. Heart

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19

What is the function of lymphocytes in the blood?

9. Transport in animals  →  9.4. Blood

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20

Which part of a pathogen is recognised by the immune system?

10. Diseases and immunity  →  10.1. Diseases and immunity

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21

Compared with atmospheric air, air breathed out by a human contains A less water vapour, less carbon dioxide. B less water vapour, more carbon dioxide. C more water vapour, less carbon dioxide. D more water vapour, more carbon dioxide.

11. Gas exchange in humans  →  11.1. Gas exchange in humans

13. Excretion in humans  →  13.1. Excretion in humans

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22

What describes the actions of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm when we breathe out?

11. Gas exchange in humans  →  11.1. Gas exchange in humans

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23

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration in plants?

12. Respiration  →  12.2. Aerobic respiration

6. Plant nutrition  →  6.1. Photosynthesis

12. Respiration  →  12.3. Anaerobic respiration

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24

An amino acid is deaminated. This is the removal of A the carbon-containing part. B the nitrogen-containing part. C the oxygen-containing part. D the sulfur-containing part.

13. Excretion in humans  →  13.1. Excretion in humans

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25

The diagram represents a simple reflex arc. finger R Q spinal cord P muscle pin What is the sequence of nerve cells through which an impulse passes during a reflex action?

14. Coordination and response  →  14.1. Coordination and response

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26

The diagram shows the density of rods and cones across a horizontal section of the retina. What is the position of the optic nerve?

14. Coordination and response  →  14.2. Sense organs

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27

What are the effects of insulin and glucagon on the concentration of blood glucose?

14. Coordination and response  →  14.4. Homeostasis

14. Coordination and response  →  14.3. Hormones

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28

Which organ is most often damaged by regularly drinking too much alcohol?

13. Excretion in humans  →  13.1. Excretion in humans

14. Coordination and response  →  14.3. Hormones

7. Human nutrition  →  7.2. Digestive system

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29

What are advantages of sexual and asexual reproduction?

16. Reproduction  →  16.2. Sexual reproduction

16. Reproduction  →  16.1. Asexual reproduction

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30

The diagrams show pollen grains from three different species of plant as they appear under the microscope. The diagrams are all to the same scale. Which pollen grains are involved in insect-pollination?

16. Reproduction  →  16.3. Sexual reproduction in plants

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31

What happens to the chromosome number after meiosis and after mitosis?

17. Inheritance  →  17.2. Mitosis

17. Inheritance  →  17.3. Meiosis

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32

In the inheritance of ABO blood groups, when two parents have the genotypes IAIA and IAIo, what is the blood group of their offspring?

17. Inheritance  →  17.4. Monohybrid inheritance

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33

Which structures are present in a bacterial cell?

2. Organisation of the organism  →  2.1. Cell structure

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34

The whole of an island’s population of short-haired bumblebees is descended from just two parents. These were introduced from the mainland. Which statement about the island’s short-haired bumblebee population, compared with that of the mainland, is correct?

19. Organisms and their environment  →  19.4. Populations

20. Human influences on ecosystems  →  20.4. Conservation

18. Variation and selection  →  18.3. Selection

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35

The diagram shows a pyramid of biomass for a food chain in a woodland ecosystem. fleas birds insects trees What is the pyramid of numbers for this food chain?

19. Organisms and their environment  →  19.2. Food chains and food webs

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36

The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle. At which stage is denitrification occurring?

19. Organisms and their environment  →  19.3. Nutrient cycles

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37

Penicillin is produced in a fermenter by growing the fungus Penicillium. The graph shows how the mass of living Penicillium fungus and the concentration of penicillin changed over time. mass concentration mass of living Penicillium fungus time / days concentration of penicillin When is the best time to collect the penicillin?

21. Biotechnology and genetic modification  →  21.2. Biotechnology

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38

A gene for insulin is taken from a human cell and placed in a bacterium. The bacterium can then make human insulin. What is this process called?

18. Variation and selection  →  18.3. Selection

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39

Which effect is least likely to occur as a result of deforestation?

20. Human influences on ecosystems  →  20.2. Habitat destruction

20. Human influences on ecosystems  →  20.4. Conservation

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40

The diagram shows the positions of four farms and the concentrations of nitrate at different points in a river. Which farm is likely to have been using too much fertiliser on its land?

20. Human influences on ecosystems  →  20.3. Pollution

20. Human influences on ecosystems  →  20.1. Food supply

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