0610_s15_qp_31
A paper of Biology, 0610
Questions:
6
Year:
2015
Paper:
3
Variant:
1
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1
shows five species of mollusc. A B C D E Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key. Key 1 body is completely or partly covered in a shell go to 2 body is not completely covered or partly covered in a shell Limax flavus 2 shell is attached to rocks by thin threads Mytilus edulis shell is not attached to rocks by thin threads go to 3 3 shell is a spire that comes to a point Buccinum undatum shell is not a spire that comes to a point go to 4 4 animal has tentacles Nautilus pompilius animal has 2 tentacles Planorbis planorbis State two features that are shown by all molluscs.
1. Characteristics and classification of living organisms  →  1.3. Features of organisms
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2
A student carried out an investigation to find the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis of an aquatic plant. The apparatus that the student used is shown in . The student was advised to use a light meter positioned at the same distance from the lamp as the pond plant. The student counted the number of bubbles produced by the cut end of the stem. water-bath thermometer pond plant movable lamp cm ruler dilute sodium hydrogencarbonate solution stop watch Explain why the student included the following in the apparatus. The beaker of water and the thermometer. The light meter and the ruler. The results obtained by the student are shown in . 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 carbon dioxide concentration / % 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 rate of photosynthesis / number of bubbles per minute X Y Describe the student’s results. You will gain credit if you use data from in your answer. State the factor that is limiting the rate of photosynthesis in region X of the graph. Suggest and explain the reasons for the shape of the graph in region Y. Counting bubbles may not be the best way to measure the rate of photosynthesis. The volume of the bubbles is not always exactly the same. Suggest and explain one alternative way of measuring the gas given off to solve this problem. shows the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere as determined at Mauna Loa in Hawaii between 1959 and 2013. year concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere / parts per million mean value range of values Explain why the concentration of carbon dioxide has increased between 1959 and 2013. Global warming is largely due to this increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Explain how increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations contribute to global warming.
6. Plant nutrition  →  6.1. Photosynthesis
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3
The menstrual cycle is coordinated by hormones secreted by the pituitary gland and hormones secreted by the ovaries. shows some of the events that occur during the menstrual cycle. H FSH is secreted by the pituitary gland J oestrogen stimulates repair and growth of the lining of the uterus K one or more follicles start to develop in an ovary L ovulation occurs M oestrogen is secreted by follicle cells N LH is secreted by the pituitary gland O oestrogen inhibits secretion of FSH Put the stages into the correct sequence. Two have been done for you. H L Describe what happens at ovulation. Name the cell produced at fertilisation by the fusion of two gametes. If an embryo implants in the uterus, the embryo secretes a hormone known as hCG that stimulates the reproductive organs of the woman to continue to secrete progesterone. Describe what happens after fertilisation until the time that the embryo secretes hCG. State two places where progesterone is produced during pregnancy. Fertility drugs are taken to increase the chance that a woman may become pregnant. Describe and explain how these drugs improve the chances of becoming pregnant. Outline two social implications of using fertility drugs.
16. Reproduction  →  16.5. Sex hormones in humans
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4
A biologist made a slide of some epidermal cells from a scale leaf of an onion bulb. is a drawing that the biologist made of one of the cells. D A B C Table 4.1 shows the functions of the structures within a plant cell. Complete the table by: naming the part of the cell that carries out each function using the letters from to identify the part of the cell named. Table 4.1 function letter from name resists the turgor pressure of the cell controls the activities of the cell site of the chemical reactions of the cell including synthesis of proteins The biologist added a few drops of concentrated salt solution to the cells on the slide and took a photograph of the cells, as shown in . With reference to , describe the effect on the plant cells of adding a concentrated salt solution. Use the term water potential to explain the effect you have described.
2. Organisation of the organism  →  2.1. Cell structure
3. Movement into and out of cells  →  3.2. Osmosis
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5
Mammals have a double circulation system. Explain what is meant by a double circulation system. Table 5.1 shows some of the main organs in a mammal and the vessels that deliver blood and take it away. Complete the table. Table 5.1 organ blood vessel delivers blood takes blood away heart 2 vein 1 aorta 2 artery lungs pulmonary artery liver 1 hepatic artery hepatic vein kidney artery vein Table 5.2 shows the blood pressure in the different blood vessels that supply and drain a muscle in the leg. Table 5.2 blood vessel mean blood pressure / kPa aorta femoral artery distributing / muscular artery arteriole in muscle capillary in muscle 4–1.3 venule in muscle 1.1 femoral vein Explain how blood returns to the heart in the femoral vein against the pull of gravity. shows a section across part of an artery. With reference to , explain how the structure of an artery is related to its function.
9. Transport in animals  →  9.1. Circulatory systems
9. Transport in animals  →  9.3. Blood vessels
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6
Moose, Alces americanus, shown in , are large herbivores that primarily live in northern parts of North America. They have a varied diet that includes young shoots of willow trees and aquatic plants. Isle Royale is a large island in Lake Superior in the United States where there is a population of moose that has been studied by ecologists for a long time. The animals’ only predator is the wolf. The island has a population of wolves that has changed in numbers over the years. Draw a food chain for the organisms in the passages above. Complete Table 6.1 by stating the name and identifying the trophic level of each organism in the food chain. Table 6.1 name of organism trophic level State two factors that influence the numbers of a top predator, such as wolves. In the 1970s, the American ecologist Paul Colinvaux investigated the energy flow between moose and wolves. His results are summarised in Table 6.2. Table 6.2 energy input or output or energy flow energy / MJ consumed by moose 4 320 000 respiration of moose 380 000 consumed by wolves 56 000 respiration of wolves 53 000 Calculate the percentage of the energy obtained by the moose that is consumed by the wolves. Show your working. % Explain why the number of wolves on Isle Royale has never risen above 50 while the highest number of moose recorded is 2450.
19. Organisms and their environment  →  19.2. Food chains and food webs
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