0620_w05_qp_2
A paper of Chemistry, 0620
Questions:
6
Year:
2005
Paper:
2
Variant:
0
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1
Use The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table. He C N O F Ne S Cl Ar Br Kr Answer these questions using only the elements shown in the diagram. Write down the symbol for an element which has five electrons in its outer shell, has diatomic molecules, reacts with sodium to form sodium bromide, is a noble gas, has a giant covalent structure, has a lower proton number than fluorine, is the most abundant gas in the air. Write down a use for each of the following elements. argon helium oxygen Examiner's Use Draw a diagram to show the electronic structure of argon. Why is argon very unreactive?
8. The Periodic Table  →  8.1. Arrangement of elements
2. Atoms, elements and compounds  →  2.2. Atomic structure and the Periodic Table
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2
Use The diagram shows the salt mines at Bex in Switzerland. salt solution pumped up mountain side underground reservoir sodium chloride solution rock (mainly anhydrite) layers of salt air vent The salt is dissolved by water from underground springs and then pumped up to a reservoir where it is stored as a solution. Write the chemical formula for sodium chloride. Suggest how solid sodium chloride is obtained from the sodium chloride solution. Examiner's Use Sodium chloride has an ionic giant structure. Which one of the following best describes an aqueous solution of sodium chloride? Tick one box. a mixture of sodium ions and chlorine molecules in water a mixture of sodium and chlorine atoms in water a mixture of sodium and chloride ions in water a mixture of sodium, chloride, oxide and hydrogen ions Describe a test for chloride ions. test result The rock surrounding the layers of salt is anhydrite. Pure anhydrite has the chemical formula CaSO4. State the name of the chemical found in anhydrite. Calculate the relative formula mass of the chemical in pure anhydrite. When anhydrite reacts with water, gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) is formed. Complete the equation for this reaction. CaSO4 + CaSO4.2H2O Which one of the following describes this reaction? Put a ring around the correct answer. combustion fermentation hydration oxidation reduction Examiner's Use The chemical in anhydrite can be made by reacting calcium hydroxide with sulphuric acid. Complete the balanced equation for this reaction. Ca(OH)2 + CaSO4 + H2O The spring water running through the rocks changes anhydrite into gypsum. This reaction is exothermic. Use this information to explain why the temperature of the mine never falls below 17 oC even in cold winters. The air inside the mine contains 19% oxygen. Which one of the following best describes the oxygen level inside the mine compared with that outside the mine? Tick one box. the level of oxygen inside the mine is higher the level of oxygen is the same the level of oxygen is about a quarter of that of the outside air the level of oxygen inside the mine is lower
12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis  →  12.5. Identification of ions and gases
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
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3
Use Hydrogen peroxide solution, H2O2, decomposes slowly in the absence of a catalyst. Oxygen and water are formed. 2H2O22H2O+ O2Draw a diagram of the apparatus you could use to investigate the speed of this reaction. You must label your diagram. Catalyst X was added to 50cm3 of hydrogen peroxide solution at 20oC and the amount of oxygen given off was recorded over a two minute period. The experiment was repeated with the same amounts of catalyst Y and catalyst Z. Apart from the type of catalyst, all conditions were kept the same in the three experiments. A graph of the results is shown below. time / seconds volume of oxygen gas / cm3 X Y Z What is a catalyst? Examiner's Use Which catalyst, X, Y or Z, produced oxygen gas the fastest? Explain your answer. Why is the final amount of oxygen gas the same in each experiment? Many transition metals and their oxides are good catalysts. State two other properties of transition metals which are not shown by other metals. The experiment with catalyst Z was repeated at 40oC. All other conditions were kept the same. The speed of the reaction increased. Explain why, using ideas about particles. Some enzymes also catalyse the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. State one difference between an enzyme and an inorganic catalyst such as a transition metal. Enzymes are also responsible for fermentation reactions. Which one of the following equations A, B, C or D describes fermentation? C6H12O6 + 6O2 A 6CO2 + 6H2O C2H4 + H2O B C2H5OH C6H12O6 C 6C + 6H2O C6H12O6 D 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
6. Chemical reactions  →  6.2. Rate of reaction
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4
Use The list shows some oxides. calcium oxide magnesium oxide nitrogen dioxide sodium oxide sulphur dioxide From this list choose two oxides which are basic. Give a reason for your answer. Which two oxides from this list contribute to acid rain? How do each of these oxides get into the atmosphere? name of oxide source of oxide name of oxide source of oxide Calcium oxide is manufactured from calcium carbonate. Complete the word equation for this reaction. calcium carbonate calcium oxide + What condition is needed for this reaction to take place? Examiner's Use Explain why calcium oxide and sodium oxide cannot be reduced by heating with carbon. Copper(oxide can be reduced by heating with carbon. Complete the equation for this reaction. CuO + C 2Cu + What do you understand by the term reduction?
7. Acids, bases and salts  →  7.2. Oxides
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
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5
Use The structures of some organic compounds are shown below. C H H C H H H C H H C H H H C H H C H H H C H H C H H O H C H H H H A B C H H C H H C H C H H H D C H H C O O H H E C Name compound A. Which two of the compounds A to E belong to the same homologous series? Which one of the compounds A to E has the same functional group as ethanol? Draw the structure of ethanol, showing all atoms and bonds. Describe how ethanol is made in industry from ethene. Examiner's Use Which one of the compounds A to E is an unsaturated hydrocarbon? Describe a chemical test for an unsaturated hydrocarbon. test result Compound E is acidic. State the name of compound E. Describe a test to show that compound E is acidic. test result
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.2. Naming organic compounds
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.5. Alkenes
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6
Use The diagram shows an electrolysis cell used to extract aluminium. + + + – electrolyte (aluminium compound dissolved in cryolite) negative electrode positive electrode molten aluminium What compound of aluminium is used for the electrolyte? The electrolyte must be molten for the electrolysis to work. Explain why. State the name of the substance used for the electrodes. To which electrode do the aluminium ions move during electrolysis? Explain your answer. Complete the following sentences about the molten electrolyte using words from the list below. bauxite chemical cryolite decreased electrical haematite increased light The melting point of the electrolyte is by adding . This means that less energy is needed to melt the electrolyte. Examiner's Use Aluminium is used in overhead power cables. aluminium steel core pylon steel cored aluminium cables The table shows some properties of three metals which could be used for the power cables. metal relative electrical conductivity density / grams per cm3 price / £ per kg relative strength aluminium 0.4 2.70 copper 0.7 8.92 steel 0.1 7.86 2.7 Suggest why aluminium is used for overhead power cables rather than copper. Suggest why steel is not used alone for overhead power cables. Why is steel used as a core for overhead power cables? Electrical insulators are used in parts of the pylons which carry the electrical cables. Which one of the following is an electrical insulator? Put a ring around the correct answer. aluminium ceramic graphite zinc Examiner's Use Aluminium has many uses. Why is aluminium used for aircraft bodies? Describe a test for aluminium ions. test result
9. Metals  →  9.6. Extraction of metals
9. Metals  →  9.2. Uses of metals
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