0620_s21_qp_33
A paper of Chemistry, 0620
Questions:
8
Year:
2021
Paper:
3
Variant:
3
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1
The electronic structures of five atoms, A, B, C, D and E, are shown. A B C D E Answer the following questions about these electronic structures. Each electronic structure may be used once, more than once or not at all. State which electronic structure, A, B, C, D or E, represents: an atom of an element in GroupVI of the PeriodicTable an atom of a reactive metal an atom with a proton number of 17 an atom that forms a stable ion with a charge of 2– an atom of oxygen. Complete the table to show the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in the bromine atom and fluoride ion shown. number of electrons number of neutrons number of protons 81Br 19F–  
2. Atoms, elements and compounds  →  2.2. Atomic structure and the Periodic Table
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2
The table shows the masses of some of the ions in 1000 cm3 of fruit juice. name of ion formula of ion mass of ion in 1000 cm3 of fruit juice / mg ammonium NH4 + calcium Ca2+ chloride Cl – magnesium Mg2+ NO3 – phosphate PO4 3– potassium K+ Na+ sulfate SO4 2– Answer these questions using only the information in the table. State which negative ion has the highest mass in 1000 cm3 of fruit juice. Give the formulae of the ions in sodium nitrate. and Calculate the mass of ammonium ions in 250 cm3 of fruit juice.  mass = mg Describe a test for chloride ions. test observations  Phosphate ions, PO4 3–, are present in most fertilisers. Phosphate ions contain phosphorus. State the names of two other elements that are in most fertilisers.  Explain why farmers put fertilisers on fields where crops are to be grown. A student heated ammoniumsulfate with sodiumhydroxide in a test-tube. Complete the equation for this reaction. (NH4)2SO4 + NaOH → NH3 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O Concentrated aqueous ammonia releases fumes of ammonia gas. A long glass tube is set up as shown. long glass tube cotton wool soaked in concentrated aqueous ammonia damp red litmus paper At first, the red litmus paper does not turn blue. After a short time, the litmus paper turns blue. Explain these observations using the kinetic particle model. 
12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis  →  12.5. Identification of ions and gases
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The table shows some properties of five halogens. element melting point / °C boiling point / °C density of liquid at boiling point in g / cm3 colour fluorine –220 –188 yellow chlorine –35 1.56 light green bromine –7 3.12 red-brown iodine 4.93 dark grey astatine 6.35 Complete the table by predicting: ● the melting point of chlorine ● the density of liquid fluorine at its boiling point ● the colour of astatine.  Deduce the state of bromine at 0 °C. Explain your answer. Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of chlorine. Show the outer shell electrons only.  Astatine is a radioactive element. An isotope of astatine, 217At , decays to form an isotope of bismuth, 213Bi . Describe what happens to the number of nucleons during this decay. One of these statements about isotopes is incorrect. Tick the box with the incorrect statement. The isotope 235U is a source of energy. Some radioactive isotopes can be used to treat cancer. All isotopes are radioactive. Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons.  
8. The Periodic Table  →  8.3. Group VII properties
10. Chemistry of the environment  →  10.1. Water
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The structure of two organic compounds, F and G, are shown. C C C C C C C C H H H H H H H H F H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C C C C C C C C G CompoundF is an unsaturated compound. Describe a chemical test for an unsaturated compound. test observations  CompoundF is reduced to compoundG using hydrogen and a catalyst. State what is meant by the term catalyst. CompoundG is a saturated hydrocarbon. Name the saturated hydrocarbon which contains two carbon atoms. CompoundG is oxidised by nitricacid to compoundH. The structure of compoundH is shown. C H H C H H C H H C H H H C H H C C C H H O O H O O H Deduce the formula of compoundH to show the number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. CompoundH contains two carboxylic acid functional groups. Ethanoicacid also contains a carboxylic acid functional group. Draw the structure of ethanoicacid. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  Describe the observations made when ethanoicacid reacts with: universal indicator solution sodium.  A student’s graph of how the pH changes when aqueous ammonia is added slowly to dilute ethanoicacid is shown. volume of aqueous ammonia added / cm3 pH Deduce the pH of the dilute ethanoicacid before the addition of aqueous ammonia.  pH = Deduce the volume of aqueous ammonia added when the pH is neutral.  cm3 CompoundH reacts with compoundJ to form a polymer. CompoundJ has the formula HOCH2CH2OH. State the name of the –OH functional group in compoundJ. Ethene polymerises to form poly. Choose one word from the list that best describes the type of reaction that occurs. Draw a circle around the correct answer. addition combustion cracking reduction 
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.5. Alkenes
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.2. Naming organic compounds
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.7. Carboxylic acids
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5
Cement is made by heating a mixture of calciumcarbonate and powdered clay. Choose from the list the name of the substance which contains calciumcarbonate. Draw a circle around the correct answer. bauxite hematite limestone slaked lime The heat for this process is provided by burning natural gas. Name the main constituent of natural gas. Complete the word equation for the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate. calcium carbonate +  Carbon dioxide is produced when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with powdered calciumcarbonate. CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl 2 + CO2 + H2O Complete the diagram to show the apparatus used to investigate the volume of carbondioxide produced during this reaction. water M  Name the piece of apparatus labelled M in the diagram. Suggest the name of another piece of apparatus that can be used to measure the volume of carbondioxide produced. Describe the effect of each of the following on the rate of reaction of dilute hydrochloricacid with calciumcarbonate. ● Large pieces of calciumcarbonate are used instead of powdered calciumcarbonate. All other conditions stay the same. ● The temperature is decreased. All other conditions stay the same.  Explain how carbondioxide contributes to climate change. 
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
9. Metals  →  9.6. Extraction of metals
12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis  →  12.5. Identification of ions and gases
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This question is about air. State the percentage of nitrogen in clean, dry air.  % Clean, dry air also contains argon. Argon is unreactive. Explain, using ideas about electronic structure, why argon is unreactive. Give one use of argon. Carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen are pollutants of air. For each of these pollutants state the source of the pollutant and an adverse effect of the pollutant. source of carbon monoxide adverse effect source of oxides of nitrogen adverse effect  
10. Chemistry of the environment  →  10.3. Air quality and climate
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Concentrated hydrochloricacid is electrolysed using carbon electrodes. State the products of this electrolysis at: the negative electrode the positive electrode.  Name a metal that can be used as an inert electrode instead of carbon. When dilute sulfuricacid is electrolysed, oxygen is produced at the positive electrode. Describe the separation and motion of the molecules in oxygen gas. separation motion  Describe a test for oxygen. test observations  
4. Electrochemistry  →  4.1. Electrolysis
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8
This question is about elements in the Periodic Table. The table shows some properties of five elements, P, Q, R, S and T. element melting point / °C density in g / cm3 electrical conductivity of the solid atomic radius / nm P 4.93 does not conduct 0.133 Q 8.92 very good 0.117 R 3.51 very good 0.077 S 8.9 very good 0.121 T 1.2 does not conduct 0.065 Use only the elements shown in the table to answer these questions. State which two of the elements, P, Q, R, S and T, have covalent molecules. Give two reasons for your answer. elements and reason 1 reason 2  Diamond is a form of solid carbon. Describe the structure and bonding in diamond. State why diamond is used for cutting tools. Name one other form of solid carbon. Lithium is an element in GroupI of the Periodic Table. Copper is a transition element. Copper has a higher melting point and higher boiling point than lithium. Give two other ways in which the properties of transition elements differ from the properties of GroupI elements. State whether lithium oxide is a basic oxide or an acidic oxide. Give a reason for your answer. The table compares the reactions of four metals with steam. metal reaction with steam copper does not react iron reacts rapidly at 120 °C lithium reacts very rapidly at 120 °C nickel only reacts above 800 °C Put the four metals in order of their reactivity. Put the least reactive metal first. least reactive most reactive  
9. Metals  →  9.1. Properties of metals
8. The Periodic Table  →  8.1. Arrangement of elements
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