0620_w18_qp_41
A paper of Chemistry, 0620
Questions:
6
Year:
2018
Paper:
4
Variant:
1
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1
The following formulae represent different substances. Al Ag CaCO3 CH4 Cl 2 Cu SO2 Answer the following questions using only these substances. Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all. State which substance is: used to make food containers added to a blast furnace to remove impurities during the production of iron the main constituent of natural gas a cause of acid rain a gas which bleaches damp litmus paper a gas which contributes to climate change.
3. Stoichiometry  →  3.1. Formulae
10. Chemistry of the environment  →  10.1. Water
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2
The table gives some information about four different particles, A, B, C and D. particle number of electrons number of neutrons number of protons electronic structure charge on particle A 2,8,1 B 2,8,1 C 2,8,8 D Complete the table. The first row has been done for you. Give two particles from the table which are isotopes of each other. ElementZ is in the same group of the PeriodicTable as A and is less reactive than A. State the identity of elementZ. C is unreactive. Use information from the table to explain why. 
8. The Periodic Table  →  8.1. Arrangement of elements
2. Atoms, elements and compounds  →  2.2. Atomic structure and the Periodic Table
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3
Copper(nitrate decomposes when heated. Two gases, oxygen and nitrogendioxide, and a solid are made in the reaction. A sample of copper(nitrate was decomposed using the apparatus shown. X aqueous sodium hydroxide copper(nitrate heat water Complete the chemical equation for the reaction. 2Cu(NO3)2 O2 + NO2 +  Only oxygen gas is collected at X. Explain why. Nitrogen dioxide and other oxides of nitrogen are formed in car engines. Explain how nitrogen dioxide is formed in car engines. A teacher heated 18.8 g of copper(nitrate. Calculate the number of moles of copper(nitrate present in the 18.8 g. mol Calculate the maximum number of moles of oxygen that can be made by heating 18.8 g of copper(nitrate. mol Calculate the maximum volume of oxygen at room temperature and pressure, in cm3, that can be made by heating 18.8 g of copper(nitrate. cm3 A sample of copper(nitrate was dissolved in water to form an aqueous solution. The aqueous solution was split into three portions. A separate test was done on each portion as shown. test reagent added result aqueous sodium hydroxide light blue precipitate forms zinc powder solution changes from blue to colourless and a brown solid forms ammonia gas is produced Give the formula of the light blue precipitate formed in test1. Explain the changes seen in test2. Identify the two reagents that must be added to the aqueous copper(nitrate in test3.  Copper(nitrate can be made by reacting copper(carbonate with nitricacid. One of the products is carbon dioxide. Write a chemical equation for the reaction of copper(carbonate with nitricacid. Carbondioxide is added to the air by living things. Name the chemical process by which living things add carbondioxide to the air. Carbondioxide is removed from the air by plants. Name the chemical process by which plants remove carbon dioxide from the air. 
12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis  →  12.5. Identification of ions and gases
4. Electrochemistry  →  4.1. Electrolysis
10. Chemistry of the environment  →  10.3. Air quality and climate
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Sulfuric acid is made industrially by a four-step process. step 1 Sulfur is burned in air to produce sulfurdioxide. step 2 Sulfur dioxide is converted into sulfurtrioxide. step 3 Sulfur trioxide is reacted with concentrated sulfuricacid to produce oleum. step 4 Oleum is reacted with water to produce concentrated sulfuricacid. Some sulfur is obtained by mining. Name one other major source of sulfur. What is the name of the process by which sulfuricacid is made industrially? Describe the conversion of sulfurdioxide into sulfurtrioxide in step2. In your answer, include: ● a chemical equation for the reaction ● the essential reaction conditions. When concentrated sulfuricacid is added to glucose, C6H12O6, a black solid is produced. The concentrated sulfuricacid acts as a dehydrating agent. What is removed from the glucose in this reaction? Name the black solid produced in this reaction. The gas hydrogensulfide, H2S, is produced when concentrated sulfuricacid is added to solid potassiumiodide. The reaction involves oxidation. Define the term oxidation in terms of electron transfer. Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of hydrogensulfide. Show outer shell electrons only. H H S Hydrogensulfide has a simple molecular structure. Explain why hydrogensulfide has a low boiling point. Dilute sulfuricacid reacts with aqueous sodiumhydrogencarbonate in a neutralisation reaction. H2SO4+ 2NaHCO3Na2SO4+ 2H2O+ 2CO2In a titration, 0.200 mol / dm3 aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate was used to neutralise 20.0 cm3 of dilute sulfuricacid of concentration 0.150 mol / dm3. Calculate the number of moles of dilute sulfuricacid used in the titration. mol Calculate the number of moles of sodiumhydrogencarbonate needed to neutralise the dilute sulfuric acid. mol Calculate the volume, in cm3, of 0.200 mol / dm3 aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate needed to neutralise the dilute sulfuricacid. cm3
6. Chemical reactions  →  6.3. Reversible reactions and equilibrium
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5
Hydrogen gas reacts with iodine gas. The equation is shown. H2+ I22HIThe reaction is reversible and can reach equilibrium. What is meant by the term equilibrium? The graphs show how pressure affects the yield of hydrogen iodide, HI, at two different temperatures. yield of hydrogen iodide pressure 500 °C 700 °C Explain why the yield at 500 °C does not change as the pressure is increased. What can you conclude from the difference in the yield of hydrogeniodide at the two temperatures shown? Explain your answer. The graph shows how the concentration of hydrogeniodide, HI, changes after hydrogengas and iodinegas are mixed together in a sealed container. concentration of hydrogen iodide time When is the rate of reaction fastest? The reaction was repeated at the same temperature and pressure but in the presence of a catalyst. Draw a graph on the same axes to show how the concentration of hydrogeniodide changes with time in the presence of a catalyst. A mixture of hydrogen gas and iodine gas is allowed to reach equilibrium. Increasing the pressure of a gas increases its concentration. State and explain the effect of increasing the pressure on the rate of the forward reaction. State and explain the effect of increasing the temperature on the rate of the reverse reaction.
6. Chemical reactions  →  6.3. Reversible reactions and equilibrium
6. Chemical reactions  →  6.2. Rate of reaction
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Ethane, C2H6, is a member of the homologous series called alkanes. Ethanol, C2H5OH, is a member of the homologous series called alcohols. Alkanes are hydrocarbons. What is meant by the term hydrocarbon? All members of a homologous series can be represented by a general formula. State the general formula of: ● alkanes ● alcohols State two characteristics, other than having the same general formula, of members of a homologous series. Ethane can react with chlorine in a substitution reaction. State one essential reaction condition. Draw the structure of the organic product formed by substitution of one of the hydrogen atoms in ethane with chlorine. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds.  Name the product of the substitution reaction between ethane and chlorine that does not contain carbon. Propan-1-ol is an alcohol. The structure of propan-1-ol is shown. C H H H C H H C H H O H Propan-1-ol reacts with ethanoicacid to form an ester. Give the name of the ester formed in this reaction. EsterY has the structure shown. C H H H C H H H H C C H ester Y H O C O H Give the molecular formula of esterY. Draw the structures of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol used to make esterY. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. Give the name of the carboxylic acid and the alcohol. structure of the carboxylic acid name of the carboxylic acid structure of the alcohol name of the alcohol Nylon is a polyamide. Complete the diagram to show the structure of nylon. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds present in the linkages.
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.1. Formulae, functional groups and terminology
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.2. Naming organic compounds
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