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A student moves a model car along a bench. is the speed-time graph for the motion of the model car. 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 A B C D time / s speed m / s Describe the motion of the car in each of the sections A, B, C and D. A B C D Determine the distance moved by the model car in the first five seconds. distance = m

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion

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2

A bottle contains some oil. The mass of the oil and the bottle is 678 g. The mass of the empty bottle is 318 g. Calculate the mass of the oil. mass = g Some of the oil from is poured into measuring cylinder A. The rest of the oil is poured into measuring cylinder B, as shown in . oil cm3 oil cm3 A B State the volume of oil in measuring cylinder B, as shown in . volume = cm3 Calculate the total volume of oil. volume = cm3 Calculate the density of the oil. density = g / cm3

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.4. Density

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3

shows a simple pendulum swinging backwards and forwards between P and Q. One complete oscillation of the pendulum is when the bob swings from P to Q and then back to P. support string P R Q pendulum bob A student starts two stopwatches at the same time while the pendulum bob is swinging. The student stops one stopwatch when the pendulum bob is at P. He stops the other stopwatch when the pendulum bob next is at Q. shows the readings on the stopwatches. 0 : 2 : 22 min s s 0 : 2 : 77 min s s reading at P reading at Q Use readings from to determine the time for one complete oscillation of the pendulum. time = s The method described in does not give an accurate value for one complete oscillation of the pendulum. Describe how the student could obtain an accurate value for one complete oscillation of the pendulum. As the pendulum bob moves from R to Q it gains 0.4 J of gravitational potential energy. Air resistance can be ignored. State the value of kinetic energy of the pendulum bob at 1. R J 2. Q J

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.1. Physical quantities and measurement techniques

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.1. Energy

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4

A student places a balloon filled with air next to a window, as shown in . The Sun warms the air in the balloon. Suggest what happens to the balloon as the air in it becomes hotter than the surroundings. Use ideas about molecules to explain your answer to . The student uses a pump to inflate another balloon. shows the student inflating a balloon. pump handle balloon The student applies a force of 30 N to the pump handle. The force acts on an area of 12 cm2. Calculate the pressure on the pump handle. Include the unit. pressure =

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.8. Pressure

2. Thermal physics  →  2.1.3. Gases and the absolute scale of temperature

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5

A nuclear power station generates electrical energy. The main stages in the operation of the nuclear power station are listed. They are not in the correct order. E Electrical energy is produced. F The fission of uranium nuclei releases thermal energy. G A turbine drives a generator. H Thermal energy heats water to produce steam. Complete the flow chart to describe how a nuclear power station works. In each empty box, insert the letter for the correct statement. The nuclear power station uses uranium as a fuel. ↓ ↓ ↓ The steam drives a turbine. ↓ ↓ Electrical energy is transmitted. Electrical energy from the power station is used to power two different lamps. shows how the light outputs from two types of lamp vary with the power input. light output J/s power input to lamp / W filament lamp LED lamp An experiment requires a lamp with a light output of 70 J / s. For the LED lamp and for the filament lamp determine the input power required to give a light output of 70 J / s. Use information from . 1. For the LED lamp, input power = W 2. For the filament lamp, input power = W Explain why using LED lamps is better for the environment. Use information from in your answer.

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.5. Electrical energy and electrical power

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.3. Energy resources

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6

shows a ray of light that is reflected by a mirror. mirror line X ray of light Z Y State the name of line X shown on . State the name of angle Y shown on . A student moves the ray of light and doubles the size of angle Y. State the effect on angle Z. shows a converging lens used to form an image I of an object O. object O image I F F lens State the name of the points labelled F on . Describe the nature of the image I.

3. Waves  →  3.2.3. Thin lenses

3. Waves  →  3.2.1. Reflection of light

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7

Solid, liquid and gas are three states of matter. For each state of matter describe the arrangement of the molecules. solid liquid gas A liquid is spilt on a bench in a warm laboratory. After a short time, the liquid disappears. State the name of the process that causes the liquid to disappear. The process in causes a cooling effect. Explain why the cooling effect occurs. Use your ideas about molecules.

2. Thermal physics  →  2.1.1. States of matter

2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.3. Melting, boiling and evaporation

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8

shows the magnetic field pattern around a bar magnet. On , mark the North and South poles of the magnet. Use the letter N for the North pole and S for the South pole. A small bar of unmagnetised iron is placed next to a bar magnet, as shown in . N S magnet iron bar The iron bar moves towards the magnet. Explain why the iron bar moves. shows a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core. A student uses these to make an electromagnet. iron core coil Complete the diagram in to show how it could be used to make an electromagnet. State one advantage of an electromagnet compared to a permanent magnet.

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.1. Simple phenomena of magnetism

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9

shows a plastic ruler. Suggest and explain how a student could give a positive charge to a plastic ruler. A plastic ruler is given a positive charge. A sphere hangs from an insulating thread. A student holds the ruler near the sphere, as shown in . The ruler repels the sphere. positively charged ruler sphere insulating thread State what charge, if any, the sphere carries. Explain your answer to .

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.1. Electric charge

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10

shows an incomplete circuit diagram for two identical lamps arranged in parallel. The circuit contains an ammeter and a voltmeter. On , complete the symbols for two lamps, an ammeter and a voltmeter positioned correctly. One of the lamps breaks. State the effect, if any, this has on the brightness of the other lamp. Explain your answer. effect explanation

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.2. Series and parallel circuits

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance

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11

shows a transformer that can provide two different output voltages from a 240 volt mains a.c. supply. 240 V a.c. metal core primary coil 5000 turns secondary coil P Q R In the transformer, the primary coil has 5000 turns. The secondary coil has 250 turns between P and R. State the term used to describe this type of transformer. The primary and secondary coils are mounted on a metal core. State the metal used for the core and explain why it is suitable. metal explanation The secondary coil has 125 turns between P and Q. Calculate the output voltage between connections P and Q. voltage = V Compare the output voltage between P and Q with the output voltage between P and R. Explain your answer. comparison explanation

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.6. The transformer

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12

Radioactive emission is a random process. Explain the meaning of the word random. The table compares three types of radioactive emission. emission relative ionising ability relative penetrating ability alpha beta gamma Table 12.1 Complete the table by choosing words from the box. high low medium A radioactive substance decays by emitting an α-particle. An α-particle can be represented as 4 2 α. Draw a labelled diagram showing the composition of an α-particle.

5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.2. The three types of nuclear emission

5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.3. Radioactive decay

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