0625_w21_qp_43
A paper of Physics, 0625
Questions:
11
Year:
2021
Paper:
4
Variant:
3
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1
A ship sails in a straight line between two ports. shows the speed–time graph of the ship for the first 100 minutes of its journey between the two ports. time / min speed m / s Calculate the maximum acceleration during the first 100 minutes of the ship’s journey. maximum acceleration = Calculate the total distance travelled by the ship between time = 42 min and time = 100 min. distance travelled = At a time not shown on the graph, the acceleration of the ship is 0.0087 m / s2. The total mass of the ship and its passengers is 2.3 × 107 kg. Calculate the resultant force on the ship. force = Explain why the force on the ship due to the ship’s engine is greater than the value you calculated in .
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.1. Effects of forces
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2
shows a simplified version of a ‘gravity lamp’. This apparatus is used to light a light-emitting diode (LED) without mains electricity. LED attachment to ceiling generator strap 12 kg load The load of 12 kg is raised to a height of 1.7 m above the ground. The load is connected to a pulley system. The time taken for the load to fall to the ground is 1200 seconds. The load falls at constant speed. The generator is connected to an LED. Calculate the rate of transfer of gravitational potential energy as the load falls to the ground. rate of transfer of gravitational potential energy = The light output of the LED is 0.10 W. Calculate the efficiency of the ‘gravity lamp’. efficiency = Suggest a social or environmental advantage of using a ‘gravity lamp’.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.3. Energy resources
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.1. Energy
6. Space physics  →  6.1.2. The Solar System
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3
A gas bubble is released at the bottom of a lake. Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 × 105 Pa. The density of water is 1000 kg / m3. The temperature of the water in the lake is constant. The gas bubble rises to the surface. The volume of the gas bubble increases as it rises higher in the water. Explain why the volume of the bubble increases. The volume of the gas bubble is 0.40 cm3 when it is 3.0 m below the surface of the lake. Calculate the volume of the gas bubble when it is 0.50 m below the surface of the lake. volume = shows a diagram of a hydraulic press used to compress paper for recycling. piston A oil piston B paper to be compressed force applied When a force is applied to piston A, it causes a pressure in the oil. This pressure produces an upwards force on piston B. As piston B moves, it compresses the paper. A small quantity of air leaks into the oil. Suggest and explain the effect the air has on the operation of the hydraulic press.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.8. Pressure
2. Thermal physics  →  2.1.3. Gases and the absolute scale of temperature
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5
An aluminium saucepan and a steel saucepan have the same dimensions. Table 5.1 shows the values of the specific heat capacity and the density of aluminium and of steel. Table 5.1 metal specific heat capacity J / (kg °C) density kg / m3 aluminium 0.91 steel 0.50 The mass of the aluminium saucepan is 0.41 kg. Calculate the mass of the steel saucepan. mass = Calculate the thermal capacity of the aluminium saucepan. thermal capacity = Water is heated in the steel saucepan. The initial temperature of the water and the saucepan is 20 °C. Calculate the energy transfer needed to raise the temperature of the steel saucepan to 100 °C. energy = Explain why metals are better thermal conductors than non-metals.
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.2. Specific heat capacity
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7
shows a ray of green light emerging from one face of a glass prism. ray of green light prism On , draw the path of the green light entering and passing through the prism. The green light is monochromatic. State, in terms of a wave property, what is meant by monochromatic light. State the speed of light in air. The wavelength of green light in air is 5.2 × 10–7 m. Calculate the frequency of green light. frequency = The refractive index of glass for green light is 1.52. Calculate the speed of green light in glass. speed =
3. Waves  →  3.2.4. Dispersion of light
3. Waves  →  3.2.2. Refraction of light
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8
shows two charged metal plates with a gap between them. The plates are parallel to each other. The top plate is negatively charged and the bottom plate is positively charged. – – – – – + + + + + On , draw five electric field lines between the two plates. An electric iron has a power of 2400 W. The potential difference (p.d.) of the mains supply is 220 V. Calculate the electric current in the iron. current = Calculate the electric charge which flows through the iron in 15 minutes. charge = Fuse ratings of 3 A, 5 A, 10 A, 13 A and 30 A are available. State which of these fuse ratings is suitable for use in the iron. fuse rating
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.6. The transformer
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.1. Electric charge
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.1. Simple phenomena of magnetism
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9
shows current–potential difference (p.d.) graphs for a resistor, a thermistor and a filament lamp. p.d. / V 0.2 0.4 0.6 current / A 0.8 1.0 filament lamp filament lamp resistor resistor thermistor thermistor The resistor, the thermistor and the filament lamp are connected in series with a power supply. Draw a circuit diagram for this circuit. Add a voltmeter to your circuit diagram in in a correct position to measure the p.d. across the resistor. Using the graph in , determine the p.d. across the terminals of the power supply when the p.d. across the resistor is 6.0 V. p.d. across terminals of power supply = Describe a practical use for a thermistor.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.2. Series and parallel circuits
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.1. Circuit diagrams and circuit components
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10
A transformer has 500 turns on the primary coil and 25 turns on the secondary coil. The input voltage is 120 V. Calculate the output voltage. output voltage = The current in the primary coil is 125 mA. The transformer is 100% efficient. Calculate the output current. output current = shows a loose wire connected in a circuit with a d.c. (direct current) power supply and a switch. The length of the wire between the two supports is in the magnetic field of a horseshoe magnet. N S d.c. power supply switch magnet support support The power supply is switched on and the wire moves down. On , draw an arrow on the wire to show the direction of the current. The power supply is switched off and the wire returns to its original position. The power supply is then switched on so that the current is in the opposite direction. State and explain what happens to the wire. A split-ring commutator is an important feature of a d.c. motor. Suggest one reason why the d.c. motor cannot operate without a split-ring commutator.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.5. The d.c. motor
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.6. The transformer
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11
A detector of radioactivity is placed in a laboratory where there are no radioactive samples. A student notices that the detector shows a count rate that varies between 20 counts / min and 24 counts / min. Suggest a source of these readings. Explain why these readings are not constant. A nucleus of uranium (U) contains 92 protons and 146 neutrons. It decays by emitting an α-particle to become a nucleus of thorium (Th). Complete the nuclide equation for this radioactive decay. U Th + α An isotope of radon has a half-life of 3.8 days. It decays by emitting α-radiation. Calculate the time taken for 16 mg of this isotope to decay to 2 mg of this isotope. time = days
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.3. Radioactive decay
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.4. Half-life
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