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1

Four statements about cookies are shown in the table below. Study each statement. Tick (✓) to show whether the statement is true or false. Statement True False they are a form of spyware they are used only in advertising they are used to track browser use they act in the same way as a virus Five descriptions and five security issues are shown below. Draw a line to connect each description to the correct security issue. Description Security issue malicious code installed on the hard drive of a user’s computer or on the web server; this code will re-direct user to a fake web site without their consent hacking software that gathers information by monitoring key presses on a user’s computer and relays the information back to the person who sent the software pharming program or code that replicates itself and is designed to amend, delete or copy data and files on a user’s computer without their consent phishing the act of gaining illegal access to a computer system without the owner’s consent spyware creator of code sends out a legitimate-looking email in the hope of gathering personal and financial data; it requires the recipient to follow a link in the email or open an attachment virus

5. The internet and its uses  →  5.1. The internet and the world wide web

5. The internet and its uses  →  5.3. Cyber security

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2

The majority of mobile phones use touch screens. Three common technologies are used by different mobile phone manufacturers. Choose one of the following mobile phone technologies: • resistive • capacitive • infrared Chosen technology Describe how your chosen technology works to allow a user to make selections by touching the screen. Give one benefit and one drawback of your chosen technology when used on mobile phone touch screens. Benefit Drawback

2. Data transmission  →  2.1. Types and methods of data transmission

5. The internet and its uses  →  5.1. The internet and the world wide web

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3

Four input devices, four descriptions and four applications are shown below. Draw a line to connect each input device to its correct description. Then connect each description to its correct application. Input device Description Application barcode reader copies paper documents and converts the text and pictures into a computer-readable form voice recognition microphone reads labels containing parallel dark and light lines using laser light or LEDs; the width of each line represents a binary code reading passports pH sensor detects changes in acidity levels; data is often in analogue form automatic stock control scanner device that allows audio signals to be converted into electric signals; these can be interpreted by a computer after being converted into digital form monitor soil in a greenhouse

3. Hardware  →  3.2. Input and output devices

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4

State what is meant by the term SSL. The following stages take place when a user wishes to access a secure website. Put each stage in sequence by writing the numbers 1 to 6 in the column on the right. The first one has been done for you. Stage Sequence number the encrypted data is then shared securely between the web browser and the web server the web browser attempts to connect to a website which is secured by SSL the web server sends the web browser a copy of its SSL certificate the web browser requests the web server to identify itself the web server will then send back some form of acknowledgement to allow the SSL encrypted session to begin the web browser checks whether the SSL certificate is trustworthy; if it is, then the web browser sends a message back to the web server

5. The internet and its uses  →  5.1. The internet and the world wide web

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5

Parity checks are often used to check for errors that may occur during data transmission. A system uses even parity. Tick (✓) to show whether the following three bytes have been transmitted correctly or incorrectly. Received byte Byte transmitted correctly Byte transmitted incorrectly 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 A parity byte is used to identify which bit has been transmitted incorrectly in a block of data. The word “F L O W C H A R T” was transmitted using nine bytes of data (one byte per character). A tenth byte, the parity byte, was also transmitted. The following block of data shows all ten bytes received after transmission. The system uses even parity and column 1 is the parity bit. letter column column column column column column column column byte 1 F byte 2 L byte 3 O byte 4 W byte 5 C byte 6 H byte 7 A byte 8 R byte 9 T parity byte One of the bits has been transmitted incorrectly. Write the byte number and column number of this bit: Byte number Column number Explain how you arrived at your answer for part . Give the denary (base 10) value of the byte: 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 A parity check may not identify that a bit has been transmitted incorrectly. Describe one situation in which this could occur.

2. Data transmission  →  2.2. Methods of error detection

1. Data representation  →  1.1. Number systems

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6

A gas fire has a safety circuit made up of logic gates. It generates an alarm (X = 1) in response to certain conditions. Input Description Binary value Conditions G gas pressure gas pressure is correct gas pressure is too high C carbon monoxide level carbon monoxide level is correct carbon monoxide level is too high L gas leak detection no gas leak is detected gas leak is detected The output X = 1 is generated under the following conditions: gas pressure is correct AND carbon monoxide level is too high OR carbon monoxide level is correct AND gas leak is detected Draw a logic circuit for this safety system. * & ; / Complete the truth table for the safety system. G C L Workspace X Complete the truth table for the XOR gate: A B C

10. Boolean logic  →  10. Boolean logic

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7

Street lighting is controlled automatically. A light sensor and a microprocessor are used to decide when to switch each street light on or off. Describe how the sensor, microprocessor and light interact to switch the street light on or off. Include in your answer how the microprocessor stops the street lights being frequently switched on and off due to brief changes in the light intensity. Name three different sensors (other than light and pH) and describe an application for each of these sensors. A different application is needed for each sensor. Sensor 1 Application Sensor 2 Application Sensor 3 Application

3. Hardware  →  3.2. Input and output devices

6. Automated and emerging technologies  →  6.1. Automated systems

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8

Five computing terms are described below. Write the name of the term being described. Software that anyone can download for free from the Internet and then use without having to pay any fees. The usual copyright laws apply and a user license is important. Software that gives the user the chance to try it out free of charge before actually buying it. The software is subject to the usual copyright laws. As a rule, not all the features found in the full version are available at this stage. Software where users have freedom to run, copy, change and adapt it. This is an issue of liberty and not of price since the software guarantees freedom and the right to study and modify the software by having access to the actual source code. Set of principles that regulates the use of computers in everyday life. This covers intellectual property rights, privacy issues and the effects of computers on society in general. The taking of somebody’s idea or software and claim that the idea or software code were created by the “taker”.

4. Software  →  4.1. Types of software and interrupts

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9

Five statements about interpreters and compilers are shown in the table below. Study each statement. Tick (✓) to show whether the statement refers to an interpreter or to a compiler. Statement Interpreter Compiler creates an executable file that runs directly on the computer more likely to crash the computer since the machine code produced runs directly on the processor easier to debug since each line of code is analysed and checked before being executed slow speed of execution of program loops it is more difficult to modify the executable code, since it is in machine code format State why a compiler or an interpreter is needed when running a high-level program on a computer. Give one benefit of writing a program in a high-level language. Give one benefit of writing a program in a low-level language. Study the following three sections of code. A: 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 B: LDA X INC X STA Y C: FOR x ← 1 TO 10 READ n ENDFOR Identify, using the letters A, B or C, which of the above codes is an example of assembly code, high-level language code or machine code: Assembly code High-level language code Machine code

4. Software  →  4.2. Types of programming language, translators and integrated development environments (IDEs)

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10

Letters from the alphabet are represented in a computer by the following denary (base 10) values: A = G = 103 I = 105 L = 108 N = 110 The word “A L I G N” is stored as: 97 108 105 103 110 Convert each of the five values to binary. The first one has been done for you. Letter Denary value A (97): 0 L (108): I (105): G (103): N (110): An encryption system works by shifting the binary value for a letter one place to the left. “A” then becomes: This binary value is then converted to hexadecimal; the hexadecimal value for “A” will be: C 2 For the two letters “L” and “G”, shift the binary values one place to the left and convert these values into hexadecimal: hexadecimal L: G:

1. Data representation  →  1.1. Number systems

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