5054_s09_qp_2
A paper of Physics, 5054
Questions:
11
Year:
2009
Paper:
2
Variant:
0
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1
A piece of paper falls from 4.0 m above the ground. shows how the height h above the ground varies with the time t. 0.5 1.5 1.0 t / s h / m 2.0 2.0 1.0 3.0 4.0 State what happens to the speed of the paper as it falls. Calculate the speed of the paper at time t = 1.5 s. speed = ………………………………… As the paper falls, energy changes from one form to another. State the main energy change between t = 1.0 s and t = 2.0 s.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.1. Energy
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion
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2
For Examiner’s Use shows a metal pan containing water on a cooker. The hotplate heats the water. metal pan handle water X hotplate cooker State the method of heat transfer through the metal pan. Describe how the molecules transfer heat through the metal pan. On , draw an arrow to show the direction of movement of the water at point X. Explain why the water moves in this direction.
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.3. Melting, boiling and evaporation
2. Thermal physics  →  2.3.4. Consequences of thermal energy transfer
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3
For Examiner’s Use shows apparatus to measure the specific latent heat of fusion of water. In this question, you may ignore heat transfer to the ice from the room. electric heater funnel glass beaker crushed ice at 0°C The heater is switched on and water drips into the beaker at a constant rate. In 2.0 minutes, 31 g of water drips into the beaker. The power of the heater is 85 W. Calculate the amount of electrical energy supplied to the heater in 2.0 minutes. energy = ………………………………… Use your answer to to calculate the specific latent heat of fusion of water. specific latent heat = ………………………………… In another experiment using the same heater, ice colder than 0 °C is used. State why less water drips into the beaker in 2.0 minutes.
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.3. Melting, boiling and evaporation
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.2. Specific heat capacity
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4
For Examiner’s Use shows the arrangement of molecules in a solid and in a liquid. solid liquid State one difference between the two arrangements. By writing about the forces between molecules and the motion of molecules, explain why the molecules of a solid and of a liquid have different arrangements, the evaporation of a liquid cools the liquid, the rate of evaporation is greater when a liquid is hotter.
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.3. Melting, boiling and evaporation
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.4. Density
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5
For Examiner’s Use shows a man looking at his reflection in a rectangular plane mirror. plane mirror h X The vertical side of the mirror has length h. On , draw a ray of light from point X that is reflected by the mirror to the man’s eye. On , mark the angle of incidence of your ray at the mirror. Label this angle i. Define the angle of incidence. On , draw a ray of light from the top of the man’s hat that is reflected by the mirror to his eye. Use your rays to determine the smallest value of h that allows the man to see all of the image in the mirror, from the top of his hat to his toes. On the diagram, 1 cm represents 0.5 m. h = …………………………………
3. Waves  →  3.2.1. Reflection of light
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6
For Examiner’s Use shows how ultrasound is used to produce an image of the heart. ultrasound heart ultrasound transmitter and detector Define ultrasound. The ultrasound has a wavelength of 1.2 × 10–3 m. The speed of the ultrasound in the human body is 1500 m / s. Calculate the frequency of the ultrasound. frequency = ………………………………… Ultrasound is a longitudinal wave. Describe how particles in the body move as the ultrasound passes. You may draw a diagram if you wish. There are small bubbles of gas in the body. Explain why these bubbles expand and contract as the ultrasound passes.
3. Waves  →  3.4. Sound
3. Waves  →  3.1. General properties of waves
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7
For Examiner’s Use shows two pieces of soft iron in the magnetic field of a strong permanent magnet. N pole of magnet S pole of magnet soft iron The pieces of soft iron become magnetised. On , mark the magnetic poles produced at each end of both pieces of soft iron. shows a reed switch. soft iron glass The reed switch is placed between the poles of the strong permanent magnet. State and explain what happens. For Examiner’s Use shows two separate electrical circuits. warning lamp coil thermistor One circuit consists of a reed switch, a cell and a warning lamp. The other circuit consists of a thermistor, another cell, and a coil wound round the reed switch. The thermistor is at the same temperature as the air around it. State what happens to the thermistor when the temperature of the air rises. Explain why the warning lamp lights up when the air temperature rises.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.3. Action and use of circuit components
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.1. Simple magnetism and magnetic fields
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.2. Electrical safety
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8
For Examiner’s Use The symbol 92 U represents a nucleus of uranium with nucleon number (mass number) 238 and proton number (atomic number) 92. State the meaning of nucleon number. A nucleus of uranium-238 decays to form a nucleus of thorium by the emission of an alpha-particle. State the proton number of an alpha-particle, the nucleon number of an alpha-particle, the proton number of thorium, the nucleon number of the thorium isotope formed.
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.1.2. The nucleus
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9
A lamp is marked 24 V, 100 W. Describe an experiment to check that the electrical power supplied to the lamp is 100 W when the potential difference (p.d.) across it is 24 V. In your account you should • include a circuit diagram, • state the readings that are taken, • show how the result is calculated from the readings. Two lamps are connected in parallel to a 240 V mains supply, as shown in . R Q P lamp B, 380 lamp A, 190 240 V Lamp A has a resistance of 190 Ω and lamp B has a resistance of 380 Ω. Calculate the current at points P, Q and R. Calculate the total resistance of the circuit. shows the same lamps connected in series to the mains supply. S lamp A lamp B 240 V Calculate the current at point S. Calculate the p.d. across lamp A. In a house, all lamps are connected in parallel to the mains supply, not in series. State and explain two reasons for this. In your explanation you may refer to the results of your calculations in and .
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.1. Uses of electricity
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.2. Series and parallel circuits
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10
shows the horizontal forces as a cyclist travels forwards. air resistance driving force The cyclist produces the driving force that acts on the back wheel. In this question, you may ignore any frictional force acting on the front wheel. The bicycle accelerates until a constant speed is reached. Describe how the size of the air resistance changes during this time. Compare the sizes of the two horizontal forces when the bicycle is accelerating. The total mass of the bicycle and the cyclist is 75 kg. At one instant, the speed of the bicycle is 4.0 m / s, the driving force is 30 N and the air resistance is 20 N. Calculate the total kinetic energy of the bicycle and the cyclist, the acceleration of the bicycle and the cyclist. As the bicycle moves, energy is transmitted from the pedals to the back wheel. shows what happens to the energy input to the pedals. 400 J of energy input to pedals energy supplied to back wheel 20 J of energy lost As energy is transmitted to the back wheel, some is lost. Explain how this happens. Calculate the efficiency of the bicycle in transmitting energy from the pedals to the back wheel. Some bicycles are made from low density materials. Explain why this is an advantage.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.1. Energy
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.2. Work
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11
An a.c. generator produces alternating current. Draw a labelled diagram of a simple a.c. generator. Explain how the current is generated. The output of the generator is connected to the terminals of a cathode-ray oscilloscope. shows the trace produced on the screen of the oscilloscope. trace 1 division Each vertical division on the scale in represents 2 volts. Describe how you would check that one vertical division represents 2 volts. The trace in is too small and is at the bottom of the screen. Adjustments are made to the oscilloscope controls to produce the trace in . State and explain the adjustments made to the oscilloscope controls. Explain how the beam of electrons is produced inside the cathode-ray oscilloscope.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.2. The a.c. generator
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.2. Electrical current
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