5054_s13_qp_21
A paper of Physics, 5054
Questions:
11
Year:
2013
Paper:
2
Variant:
1
Login to start this paper & get access to powerful tools
1
shows how the length of a spring varies as the force applied to it increases. 0.5 length of spring / cm force / N 1.0 1.5 2.0 Determine the length of the unstretched spring. length = Explain how the graph shows that the limit of proportionality is not reached. For Examiner’s Use The spring is attached to a mass M of 0.20 kg and placed on a frictionless surface, as shown in . spring car accelerates in this direction frictionless surface M (not to scale) The apparatus is placed on the floor of a car. When the car accelerates uniformly in the direction shown, the spring extends. State what is meant by a uniform acceleration. The extension of the spring is 9.0 cm. Using , determine 1. the horizontal force on M, force = 2. the acceleration of M. acceleration =
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.3. Elastic deformation
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion
Open
2
For Examiner’s Use shows apparatus used to investigate the turning effect of a force. 40 cm 20 cm pivot uniform metre rule 4.0 N newton meter The uniform metre rule is freely pivoted at its centre. The newton meter is 20 cm from the pivot and a 4.0 N weight is 40 cm from the pivot. The metre rule is in equilibrium. State the principle of moments for a body in equilibrium. Calculate the reading on the newton meter. reading = The weight of the metre rule is 1.2 N. Calculate the size of the force exerted on the metre rule by the pivot. force =
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.5. Turning effect of forces
Open
3
For Examiner’s Use shows a glass tube dipped into mercury. A vacuum pump is connected to the top of the tube and switched on. The mercury rises up the tube and stops. 0.76 m Q R mercury glass tube to vacuum pump P Three points on are labelled P, Q and R. State which two of these points are at atmospheric pressure. The density of mercury is 13 600 kg / m3 and the gravitational field strength g is 10 N / kg. Calculate the pressure due to the column of mercury of length 0.76 m. pressure = State and explain what happens if the mercury in the apparatus shown in is replaced with water.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.8. Pressure
Open
4
For Examiner’s Use shows a laboratory thermometer.   ƒ& liquid State the range of the thermometer shown in . Describe how shows that the thermometer has a linear scale. The manufacturer of the thermometer changes the design to make a more sensitive thermometer. shows part of the scale on the original thermometer. On , draw a more sensitive scale.         part of the scale on the original thermometer your scale showing a more sensitive thermometer State one other property, apart from volume or expansion, which can be used to measure temperature.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.1. Physical quantities and measurement techniques
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.1. Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases
Open
5
For Examiner’s Use shows a ray of light that enters a semicircular glass block at A. At B, some of the light is reflected and some light leaves the glass and travels along the surface. 0.10 m B A 41° glass block State the name of the angle of incidence marked 41°. Rays of light are incident at B with different angles of incidence. On a, the angle i1 is less than 41°. Draw the path taken by the ray of light after B. On b, the angle i2 is greater than 41°. Draw the path taken by the ray of light after B. B B i2 i1 a b The speed of light in the glass block is 2.0 × 108 m / s. The diameter of the glass block is 0.10 m. Calculate the time taken for the light to travel from A to B. time =
3. Waves  →  3.2.1. Reflection of light
3. Waves  →  3.2.2. Refraction of light
Open
6
For Examiner’s Use is a graph of current against potential difference (p.d.) for a length of metal wire. 0.1 p.d. / V current / A 0.2 0.3 The metal wire obeys Ohm’s law. State Ohm’s law in words. Calculate the resistance of the metal wire. resistance = A new wire is made from the same metal as the original wire. The two wires have the same length. The cross-sectional area of the new wire is half that of the original wire. Calculate the resistance of the new wire. resistance = On , draw a line to show how current varies with p.d. for the new wire.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance
Open
7
For Examiner’s Use A student connects a thermistor in series with a power supply and a fixed resistor. In the space below, draw the circuit diagram of the apparatus. Values for potential difference (p.d.) and current are given in . p.d. across the thermistor / V p.d. across the fixed resistor / V e.m.f. of power supply / V current in the thermistor / A current in the fixed resistor / A 8.0 4.0 0.018 The maximum power rating of the thermistor is 150 mW. In the blank spaces in , insert the values of the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the power supply and the current in the fixed resistor. Calculate the power produced in the thermistor. power = The e.m.f. of the power supply is doubled. Describe what happens to the thermistor.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.1. Uses of electricity
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.5. Power
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.2. Series and parallel circuits
Open
9
shows a conveyor belt carrying suitcases into an aeroplane. aeroplane conveyor belt motor suitcase 6.0 m 9.0 m (not to scale) An electric motor drives the conveyor belt. A suitcase of mass 20 kg is lifted from the ground into the aeroplane. Explain what is meant by mass and by weight. The gravitational field strength g is 10 N / kg. Calculate the increase in the gravitational potential energy of the suitcase. increase in potential energy = The suitcase takes 12 s to travel 9.0 m along the conveyor belt. Calculate the kinetic energy of the suitcase. kinetic energy = For Examiner’s Use The electric motor is powered by an input voltage of 230 V and a current of 1.5 A. Calculate the electrical energy input to the motor in 12 s. energy = 1. State the principle of the conservation of energy. 2. Explain how this principle applies to the lifting of the suitcases into the aeroplane. Some of the electrical energy for the motor comes from renewable energy sources. Explain what is meant by a renewable energy source. State two renewable energy sources. 1. 2.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.1. Energy
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.1. Uses of electricity
Open
10
For Examiner’s Use 10 The average input power to a freezer is 80 W. The cost of 1 kW h is 25 cents. Explain what is meant by the kilowatt-hour (kW h). Calculate the cost of running the freezer for one week. cost = A large jug containing 1.5 kg of water is placed in the freezer. The water cools from 25 °C to 0 °C in a time of 60 minutes. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J / (g °C). Calculate the thermal energy removed from the water as it cools from 25 °C to 0 °C. energy removed = After the water has reached 0 °C, thermal energy is removed from the water at the same rate as in . The specific latent heat of fusion of water is 3.3 × 105 J / kg. Calculate the mass of water at 0 °C that becomes ice in 60 minutes. mass = For Examiner’s Use Describe the arrangement and the movement of the molecules 1. in liquid water, 2. in ice. Ice at 0 °C becomes water at 0 °C. State what, if anything, happens to the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the molecules as this happens. kinetic energy: potential energy:
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.3. Melting, boiling and evaporation
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.1. Energy
Open
11
For Examiner’s Use 11 The nucleus of an atom of carbon-14 is represented as 14 6 C. Describe the structure of an atom of carbon-14. Carbon has several isotopes. Describe, in terms of the particles within the nucleus, how isotopes are 1. different from one another, 2. the same as one another. Carbon-14 decays by beta emission to a stable isotope of nitrogen. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5700 years and is used to find the age of objects by carbon dating. A pure sample of carbon-14 initially contains 8.0 × 1020 atoms. Calculate the number of atoms of carbon and of nitrogen present in the sample after 11 400 years. number of atoms of carbon = number of atoms of nitrogen = Explain why carbon-14 is not used to find the age of a piece of coal that has been in the ground for millions of years. For Examiner’s Use A teacher sets up the apparatus shown in . detector lead 6 mm radioactive source emitting beta-particles counter The teacher also has available a number of sheets of aluminium, each of which is 1 mm thick. Describe how the apparatus and the sheets are used to demonstrate that beta- particles are stopped by 5 mm of aluminium. In your account, make clear how the background count is measured and used. Suggest why the lead in is placed around the radioactive source during the demonstration. The radioactive source in is changed for one that emits gamma-rays. Describe why the apparatus cannot be used to find the thickness of aluminium needed to stop gamma-rays.
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.1. Detection of radioactivity
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.5. Half-life
Open