5054_s21_qp_22
A paper of Physics, 5054
Questions:
11
Year:
2021
Paper:
2
Variant:
2
Login to start this paper & get access to powerful tools
2
A car approaches a set of traffic lights. The lights change to red at time t = 0. shows how the speed of the car changes with time. speed m / s t / s The car starts to slow down a short time after the lights change to red. Determine the time between the lights changing to red and the car starting to slow down. State what is meant by uniform acceleration. State how shows that the deceleration of the car between t = 2 s and t = 7 s is non-uniform. Determine the distance the car travels from the moment the car starts to slow down until it stops. distance =
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion
Open
3
shows a small brick hanging from a newton meter. newton meter brick The reading on the newton meter is 3.0 N. Describe how the reading on the newton meter is used to find the mass of the brick. The same brick and newton meter are used in the apparatus shown in . The meter rule is pivoted at its centre and is balanced. The reading on the newton meter is not shown. newton meter 20 cm 10 cm pivot uniform metre rule State the principle of moments for a body in equilibrium. Determine the reading on the newton meter shown in . reading = A beaker of water is placed so that the brick is partly submerged in the water, as shown in . The apparatus is adjusted to keep the rule horizontal. newton meter 20 cm 10 cm pivot uniform metre rule water Suggest why the reading on the newton meter is less than your answer in .
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.3. Mass and weight
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.5. Turning effect of forces
Open
4
In a demonstration, a teacher uses a loud ticking clock, two hollow tubes A and B, a barrier and a smooth surface. The clock is used as a source of sound. shows tube A and the clock, both fixed in position on the left of the barrier. smooth surface hollow tube A ticking clock barrier hollow tube B ear Sound from the ticking clock passes along tube A and is incident on the smooth surface. A student listens to the sound passing along tube B, which is on the right of the barrier. On , draw tube B in the position where the sound heard by the student is loudest. Explain your answer to . The speed of sound in air is 330 m / s. State a typical value for the speed of sound in a solid.
3. Waves  →  3.4. Sound
Open
5
shows a method of producing sandpaper using static electricity. paper glue negative metal plate positive metal plate sand sand Glue is sprayed on to moving paper. The sticky paper then passes between two metal plates. One of the plates is positive and the other plate is negative. There is an electric field between the plates. On , draw the electric field between the two metal plates. Show the direction of the electric field. negative metal plate positive metal plate Grains of sand are present just below the sticky paper. Each grain of sand is a conductor of electricity. shows two layers of sand grains in the space between the two plates. negative metal plate positive metal plate sand grains sticky paper Explain, using ideas about the movement of charge, why the top layer of sand becomes positively charged. State why the top layer of sand moves towards the sticky paper. A student receives an electric shock by walking across a certain type of carpet and then nearly touching a piece of earthed metal with his hand. The potential difference between the hand and the metal is 2000 V and the charge transferred is 4.0 × 10−4 C. Calculate the energy transferred when the spark jumps across the air gap from the metal onto his hand. energy =
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.1. Electrical charge
Open
6
The power input to a filament lamp when connected to a 12 V supply is 20 W. State what is meant by power. Calculate: the current in the filament current = the resistance of the filament. resistance = The filament in another lamp is made from thinner wire of the same length and made from the same material. Both lamps are connected to a 12 V supply. State and explain how using thinner wire in the filament affects the power input to the lamp.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.1. Uses of electricity
Open
7
shows part of a simple d.c. electric motor. N S coil axis A B The motor is connected to a battery with the positive terminal of the battery connected to terminal A. Explain why the coil turns in the direction shown. The turning effect is increased when the coil is wound around a soft-iron cylinder. Explain why this happens. Suggest one other way to increase the turning effect of the motor.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.5. The d.c. motor
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.3. Magnetic effect of a current
Open
8
shows a potential divider circuit containing two resistors R1 and R2. input voltage 6.0 V output voltage R1 R2 There is an input voltage of 6.0 V. Complete Table 8.1 to show the output voltage for different values of the resistances of the two resistors. Table 8.1 resistance of R1 / Ω resistance of R2 / Ω output voltage / V 8.0 8.0 EITHER In the circuit shown in , resistor R1 is replaced by a light dependent resistor (LDR). In the space below, draw the circuit symbol for an LDR. The LDR is moved from darkness into daylight. State what happens to the resistance of the LDR and the output voltage. resistance output voltage A potential divider circuit can also be used to produce an output voltage that changes with temperature. State the name of the component that is used instead of the LDR. OR A simple bistable circuit contains NOR gates. In the space below, draw the circuit symbol of a NOR gate. Describe what is meant by a bistable circuit.
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.3. Action and use of circuit components
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.1. Circuit diagrams and circuit components
Open
9
represents the conversion of energy in a mobile phone. battery mobile phone energy output State the form of energy stored in the battery. State the useful form of output energy from the battery. State two useful forms of output energy from the mobile phone. When the battery is in use, the average current is 1.3 mA. Determine the charge that passes through the battery in a time of 2.0 minutes. charge = A student estimates the thermal energy produced in the battery when the mobile phone is used and uses this value to estimate the efficiency of the battery. He measures a temperature rise of 5.0 °C within the battery in a period of time when the useful energy output from the battery is 5200 J. The mass of the battery is 110 g and its specific heat capacity is 830 J / (kg °C). Calculate the thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of the battery by 5.0 °C. thermal energy = State what is meant by efficiency. Calculate the efficiency of the battery. efficiency = Suggest and explain one reason why the value for the efficiency calculated in is larger than the actual efficiency of the battery.
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.4. Efficiency
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.1. Uses of electricity
2. Thermal physics  →  2.3.4. Consequences of thermal energy transfer
Open
10
shows a water wave moving from shallow into deep water. The wavefronts shown represent the crests of the wave. shallow water deep water boundary wavefront 12 cm (not to scale) The water wave is made by dipping a wooden bar up and down in the water. The bar makes 10 complete up and down movements in 5.0 s. Determine the wavelength of the wave in the shallow water. wavelength = Calculate the frequency of the wave produced. frequency = Determine the speed of the water wave in the shallow water. speed = On , draw lines to show what happens to the wavelength, the frequency and the speed of the water wave as it enters the deep water. One line has been drawn for you. wavelength frequency speed decreases stays the same increases The direction of the boundary is now altered. The water wave now enters the deep water from the shallow water at an angle, as shown in . deep water boundary deep water On , draw the wavefronts in the deep water. White light is made up of different colours. State the name of four of the colours in the visible spectrum and place them in order from the smallest wavelength to the largest wavelength. smallest wavelength largest wavelength A narrow beam of white light can be split into different colours. shows rays of white light emitted from a lamp. Complete to show how a narrow beam is produced from these rays and how a spectrum is shown on the screen. Label your diagram. lamp screen
3. Waves  →  3.1. General properties of waves
3. Waves  →  3.2.4. Dispersion of light
Open
11
A highly radioactive source that emits beta-particles is placed a few centimetres away from a detector, as shown in . radioactive source metal casing detector counter Not to scale State the name of the particle which has the same mass and charge as a beta-particle. State and explain why the metal casing in is used. State and explain what happens to the number of particles detected in a minute as the radioactive source is moved: a few centimetres further away from the source more than a metre away from the source. A nucleus of strontium-90 (Sr-90) decays by beta emission to a nucleus of yttrium (Y). Complete the decay equation for this decay. 38Sr → Y + –1 β Nuclear fusion and nuclear fission both release large amounts of energy. Describe how the process of nuclear fusion differs from the process of nuclear fission. Describe the conditions needed for nuclear fusion to take place.
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.4. Fission and fusion
Open