5070_w22_qp_22
A paper of Chemistry, 5070
Questions:
9
Year:
2022
Paper:
2
Variant:
2
Login to start this paper & get access to powerful tools
1
The diagram shows part of the Periodic Table. I II III IV V VI VII VIII Mg Ca Fe Cu Zn C N O F Br Ar I Al Cl Pt Cr K Answer the following questions using only the symbols of the elements in the diagram. Each symbol may be used once, more than once or not at all. Give the symbol of the element that: is a catalyst in the Haber process is used to make food containers because of its resistance to corrosion is about one percent by volume of dry air is extracted from haematite forms an ion with a charge of –2.
8. The Periodic Table  →  8.1. Arrangement of elements
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
Open
2
This question is about halogens and halogen compounds. Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show the arrangement of electrons in a chlorine molecule. Show only the outer shell electrons. State one use of chlorine. Aqueous chlorine reacts with aqueous potassium bromide. Cl 2+ 2KBrBr2+ 2KCl State the colour of Br2. Explain, using ideas about the reactivity of the halogens, why aqueous bromine does not react with aqueous potassium chloride. Bromine is a liquid at room temperature. Describe the arrangement and separation of the particles in a liquid. arrangement separation Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are atmospheric pollutants which deplete the ozone layer. Explain the importance of the ozone layer. Describe one problem caused by the depletion of the ozone layer. importance problem
8. The Periodic Table  →  8.3. Group VII properties
Open
3
The alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons. Give the general formula for the alkanes. The structure of one isomer of an alkane is shown. C H H H H H H H H H C C C H Name this alkane. Draw the structure of a different isomer of this alkane. Show all of the atoms and all of the bonds. The fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil) produces fractions containing alkanes of different chain lengths. Separation by fractional distillation depends on a physical property of the fractions. Name this physical property. Naphtha is one fraction separated from petroleum (crude oil). State the main use of the naphtha fraction. Larger alkane molecules are cracked to form smaller alkane molecules. Explain the importance of cracking larger alkanes into smaller alkanes. State two conditions needed for cracking. Alkanes react with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light to form compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen and chlorine. A compound contains 37.8% carbon, 6.30% hydrogen and 55.9% chlorine by mass. Calculate the empirical formula of this compound. empirical formula
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.3. Fuels
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.4. Alkanes
Open
4
This question is about ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4. Ammonium sulfate is a fertiliser. Explain why farmers put fertilisers on soil where crops are grown. Explain why farmers do not add calcium hydroxide to the soil immediately after adding ammonium sulfate. Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in ammonium sulfate. Give your answer to three significant figures. percentage by mass Complete the equation for the reaction of ammonium sulfate with aqueous sodium hydroxide. (NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH + + Ammonium sulfate decomposes when heated. The reaction is endothermic. 3(NH4)2SO4 4NH3 + 3SO2 + N2 + 6H2O Complete and label the energy profile diagram for this reaction to include: • the reactant and products • the enthalpy change of the reaction. energy reaction pathway
6. Chemical reactions  →  6.3. Reversible reactions and equilibrium
10. Chemistry of the environment  →  10.2. Fertilisers
5. Chemical energetics  →  5.1. Exothermic and endothermic reactions
Open
5
This question is about metals and metal compounds. Zinc reacts with aqueous copper(ions. Zn + Cu2+ Zn2+ + Cu Explain why this reaction involves both oxidation and reduction. Use the equation and ideas about electron transfer in your answer. Aqueous ammonia is added to aqueous zinc ions. Describe the observations when: a few drops of aqueous ammonia are added excess aqueous ammonia is added. Molten zinc chloride conducts electricity. Predict the products formed at the anode and the cathode when molten zinc chloride is electrolysed. anode cathode Explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why zinc chloride has a high melting point. Aluminium is extracted from its ore by electrolysis. State why aluminium is extracted by electrolysis and not by reduction with carbon. State one property of aluminium which makes it suitable for the construction of aircraft. State one advantage of recycling metals such as aluminium and copper.
4. Electrochemistry  →  4.1. Electrolysis
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
Open
6
This question is about nitrogen and oxides of nitrogen. State the percentage of nitrogen by volume in dry air. The equation represents the equilibrium between nitrogen and oxygen at a high temperature in a closed container. N2+ O22NOPredict what happens to the position of equilibrium when the pressure is increased. Explain your answer. prediction explanation The table shows the concentration of nitrogen(oxide, NO, in the closed container at three different temperatures. temperature in °C concentration of NO in mol / dm3 0.02 0.20 20.00 State what this information shows about the enthalpy change of the forward reaction. Explain your answer. enthalpy change explanation Nitrogen(oxide, NO, reacts with hydrogen to produce ammonia and water. Construct the equation for this reaction. Nitrogen oxides are pollutants in the atmosphere. State one source of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. Nitrogen oxides contribute to acid rain. State one effect of acid rain on buildings. State the formula of the ion that is present in all acids.
6. Chemical reactions  →  6.3. Reversible reactions and equilibrium
10. Chemistry of the environment  →  10.3. Air quality and climate
Open
7
This question is about carboxylic acids and polymers. The structure of an organic compound is shown. C O O O H H H H C H H O O C C Deduce the molecular formula of this compound. Propanoic acid, C2H5COOH, reacts with methanol, CH3OH, to form an ester. Name this ester. Draw the structure of this ester showing all atoms and all bonds. name of ester structure of ester State one use of esters. Ethanoic acid can be produced by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol. Give one other method of oxidising ethanol to produce ethanoic acid. The simplified structures of a dicarboxylic acid monomer and a diamine monomer are shown. C O O H H O O C N H H H H N Draw the partial structure of the condensation polymer formed from these two monomers to show: • two repeat units • all of the atoms and all of the bonds in the amide linkages. State the meaning of the term condensation in condensation polymerisation. Proteins have amide linkages. Proteins are hydrolysed using dilute acid. Name the type of compound produced by this hydrolysis.
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.8. Polymers
11. Organic chemistry  →  11.7. Carboxylic acids
Open
8
This question is about metals and metal compounds. Describe, with the aid of a labelled diagram, the structure and bonding in metals. The table shows the reactivity of four metals with cold water and with steam. metal reactivity with cold water reactivity with steam cerium slow fast nickel none very slow rubidium very fast explosive zinc none fast Put the four metals in order of increasing reactivity. least reactive most reactive The full symbol of an ion of cerium is shown. 58 Ce3+ Deduce the number of electrons and neutrons in this ion. number of electrons number of neutrons Zinc reacts with aqueous silver nitrate, AgNO3, to produce aqueous zinc nitrate and silver. Construct the ionic equation, including state symbols, for this reaction. The effect of heat on crystals of green nickel(chloride, NiCl 2• 6H2O is shown in the equation. NiCl 2• 6H2O NiCl 2 + 6H2O green yellow nickel(chloride nickel(chloride State the term used to describe salts, such as NiCl 2, which contain no water of crystallisation. Describe how to change yellow nickel(chloride back to green nickel(chloride.
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
9. Metals  →  9.1. Properties of metals
Open
9
Magnesium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. MgCO3 + 2HCl MgCl 2 + CO2 + H2O When 25.0 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid is added to excess magnesium carbonate, the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced at room temperature and pressure is 120 cm3. Calculate the concentration, in mol / dm3, of the dilute hydrochloric acid. concentration mol / dm3 The reaction is repeated at a higher temperature. All other conditions stay the same. Describe how the rate of reaction changes. Explain your answer using ideas about collisions between particles. The reaction is repeated using a higher concentration of hydrochloric acid. All other conditions stay the same. Describe how the rate of reaction changes. Explain your answer using ideas about collisions between particles. Duralumin is an alloy of aluminium, magnesium, copper and manganese. State the meaning of the term alloy. Copper is purified by electrolysis using an impure copper anode and a pure copper cathode. Construct the ionic equation for the reaction taking place at the cathode. A metal object can be electroplated with another metal. State one use of electroplating.
9. Metals  →  9.4. Reactivity series
12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis  →  12.5. Identification of ions and gases
Open