5090_s13_qp_21
A paper of Biology, 5090
Questions:
9
Year:
2013
Paper:
2
Variant:
1
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1
Table 1.1 lists the daily requirements for some of the components in the diet of a young child. Table 1.1 diet component daily requirement energy 8 MJ fat 50 g protein 19 g vitamin C 25 mg vitamin D 0.005 mg calcium 800 mg iron 10 mg State two components, other than those in Table 1.1, that are required in a balanced diet. 1. 2. Malnutrition is common in countries where there is famine. List two problems that may contribute to famine. 1. 2. For Examiner’s Use shows the label from the packet of a type of food sometimes fed to young children suffering from severe malnutrition. Emergency Famine Food 92 g pack (provides 2.0 MJ) Ready to use – does not require water or refrigeration Contains: peanut paste, vegetable oil, powdered milk, powdered sugar, vitamins (including C and D), minerals (including iron and calcium) Date of manufacture: June 2012 Use within 2 years State three effects of malnutrition which may occur in young children. 1. 2. 3. Explain how this emergency famine food helps to overcome the effects of malnutrition.
8. Human nutrition  →  8.1. Diet
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2
For Examiner’s Use Receptors receive stimuli and convert them into electrical impulses. shows the pathway taken by electrical impulses in a reflex action. Complete by writing the name of the appropriate component on the dotted lines. receptor central nervous system response The brain is one part of the central nervous system. is a diagram of the human brain. A B Damage to the brain can sometimes occur as the result of an accident. Name the parts of the brain labelled A and B in and suggest a problem that may be experienced by a person who has damage to that part of the brain. part A problem caused by damage part B problem caused by damage For Examiner’s Use Scientists are able to treat people with some types of brain damage. They may do this by injecting the patient with cells taken from another person . These cells then travel to the brain where they divide and specialise to become groups of fully functioning brain cells. State the type of cell division that takes place when the cells that have been injected reach the patient’s brain. State the term used to describe a group of cells that are specialised to perform a specific function. Female patients were injected with cells from male donors. After a period of time, the scientists examined brain cells from these patients and looked for groups of brain cells containing the Y chromosome. Explain why finding groups of brain cells containing the Y chromosome would suggest to the scientists that the treatment may have been successful.
14. Coordination and control  →  14.1. Mammalian nervous system
16. Development of organisms and continuity of life  →  16.1. Nuclear division
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3
For Examiner’s Use shows how pollination takes place in two different species of plant, species P and species Q. species P Key path of pollen species Q plant 1 plant 2 Using the information in , suggest and explain how each of these species of plant is pollinated. species P species Q Suggest two ways in which a flower from a plant of species Q in may be adapted to increase the likelihood of pollination taking place. 1. 2. State why species Q shows more variation in its phenotype than species P. For Examiner’s Use Describe the events that take place in a flower after pollination until fertilisation has taken place.
16. Development of organisms and continuity of life  →  16.3. Sexual reproduction in plants
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4
For Examiner’s Use shows the effect of increasing light intensity on photosynthesis in two different species of plants, species C and species D. uptake loss uptake or loss of CO2 from plant light intensity / arbitrary units photosynthesis in plant C photosynthesis in plant D photosynthesis in plant C photosynthesis in plant D Use to find the light intensity at which the rate of respiration is equal to the rate of photosynthesis in plant C. arbitrary units Explain why carbon dioxide is lost from plant C at a light intensity below the value you have stated in . Using , suggest why plant species D is more likely than species C to grow on the ground in a wooded area such as a tropical rain forest. For Examiner’s Use When leaves fall from plants, they are decomposed to return nutrients to the soil. Suggest why the rate of decomposition will be particularly high in a tropical rain forest.
6. Plant nutrition  →  6.1. Photosynthesis
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5
For Examiner’s Use Define the term gene. A gene mutation occurs when part of the DNA on a single chromosome is changed. State two factors that may increase the rate of gene mutation. 1. 2. For Examiner’s Use Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a gene mutation. shows red blood cells from a healthy person and from a person with sickle cell anaemia. sBICONCAVESHAPE sELASTIC sNON STICKY sLIFESPANOFDAYS HEALTHYPERSON sCRESCENTSHAPE sNON ELASTIC sSTICKY sLIFESPANOFTODAYS PERSONWITHSICKLECELLANAEMIA shows the flow of red blood cells through a blood vessel in a healthy person and in a person with sickle cell anaemia. healthy person person with sickle cell anaemia Use information from and to suggest why the transport of oxygen to tissues is reduced in a person with sickle cell anaemia.
17. Inheritance  →  17.3. Inheritance
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6
The menstrual cycle is controlled by several hormones including FSH and progesterone. Use your knowledge of the role of these hormones in the menstrual cycle to suggest explanations for each of the following. FSH is given during fertility treatment to women who experience problems becoming pregnant. Progesterone is a component of the contraceptive pill. For Examiner’s Use With reference to named substances, describe the functions of the placenta and the umbilical cord.
16. Development of organisms and continuity of life  →  16.4. Sexual reproduction in humans
14. Coordination and control  →  14.3. Mammalian hormones
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