5090_w12_qp_22
A paper of Biology, 5090
Questions:
9
Year:
2012
Paper:
2
Variant:
2
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1
shows a section through a person’s head and throat. shows the same person swallowing a bolus of food. bolus of food C B A Identify structures A and B shown on . A B Name the process that will carry the bolus to the stomach. Describe and explain what happens to structure C when the person swallows the bolus. For Examiner’s Use Name a chemical process that may be taking place in the bolus. Describe and explain your answer to .
8. Human nutrition  →  8.3. Absorption and assimilation
8. Human nutrition  →  8.2. Human digestive system
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2
For Examiner’s Use Species D lives in a forest. shows what can happen, over the same period of time, if some members of species D migrate from the forest to a desert region. migration species D continues to live in the forest to desert region variation natural selection further variations further natural selection species D continues species D has become species E Name the two main causes of variation in organisms. 1. 2. Name the process involving variation and natural selection that has led to the development of species E. For Examiner’s Use Suggest how the processes of variation and natural selection may have acted to produce the new species E in the desert. Members of species D are no longer able to breed successfully with members of new species E. Suggest reasons for this.
17. Inheritance  →  17.4. Selection
19. Relationships of organisms with one another and with the environment  →  19.5. Conservation
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3
For Examiner’s Use shows a plant and the position in which it grows in the dead leaves that collect where two branches of a tree join. roots penetrating dead leaves aerial roots, green in colour and covered by spongy absorbent tissue dead leaves collecting where branches join thick canopy of leaves State two ions that the roots of the plant will absorb from the dead leaves. For each ion, state its importance to the plant. ion 1 importance ion 2 importance For Examiner’s Use Explain how the ions you have mentioned in are made available to the plant from the dead leaves. Suggest and explain why the aerial roots of the plant are green and covered with a spongy absorbent tissue. green covered with a spongy absorbent tissue
3. Movement into and out of cells  →  3.1. Diffusion and osmosis
7. Transport in flowering plants  →  7.1. Uptake and transport of water and ions
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4
For Examiner’s Use shows a person sitting on a chair with his legs crossed, watching the television. A friend notices that the person’s foot is making very slight regular kicking movements as indicated by the arrow on . The friend times the movements with her watch and announces that the person’s heart is beating 70 times per minute. Explain how the friend was able to make this deduction. Explain why the person’s leg kicks at a faster rate when there is an exciting programme on the television. For Examiner’s Use shows a chair leaning against a wall, carefully balanced and with a scale pan hanging from the front of the seat. shows what happens when a mass is then added to the scale. chair resting on rear legs and against wall scale pan suspended from front of chair weight added weight chair swings forwards to rest on all four legs added to scale pan A student sits in a chair, leaning against a wall as shown in , and remains perfectly still. Use your knowledge of how blood moves through the circulatory system to suggest an explanation for why, after a few minutes, the chair falls forwards similar to the chair in .
11. Transport in humans  →  11.2. Heart
11. Transport in humans  →  11.3. Blood vessels
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5
For Examiner’s Use The graph in shows the concentration of nicotine in the blood of a person before, during and after smoking a cigarette. start smoking cigarette time / minutes concentration of nicotine in the blood / arbitrary units Use to find the time taken for the person to smoke the cigarette. Suggest why the concentration of nicotine in the person’s blood was not zero before starting to smoke the cigarette. Name two components of the cigarette smoke, other than nicotine, that may be harmful to the person. For each component, state the harm that it may cause. component 1 harm it may cause component 2 harm it may cause For Examiner’s Use shows the blood pressure of the same person over the same time period. blood pressure / kPa time / minutes Use to describe the effects of smoking the cigarette on this person’s blood pressure. Suggest how smoking a cigarette resulted in this effect on blood pressure. Suggest possible harmful effects of this change in blood pressure.
12. Disease and immunity  →  12.1. Disease
11. Transport in humans  →  11.2. Heart
9. Human gas exchange  →  9.1. Human gas exchange
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