5090_w24_qp_21
A paper of Biology, 5090
Questions:
7
Year:
2024
Paper:
2
Variant:
1
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1
shows an experiment to measure the water loss from a small plant in 24 hours. small plant layer of oil on surface of water water measuring cylinder top pan balance 214 . 3 Name the process by which a plant loses water from cells to the atmosphere. Suggest the purpose of the layer of oil. Describe one way in which a student could use this apparatus to obtain a value for the amount of water the plant loses in 24 hours. Water is lost mainly through the plant’s stomata. Name three types of cell that the water passes through before it reaches the stomata in the leaves. Write the names of the types of cell in the correct order in the boxes. stomata The experiment shown in was repeated many times to investigate the effect of humidity on the rate of water loss. All environmental conditions were kept constant except for humidity which was gradually increased. shows the axes for a graph. rate of water loss humidity Sketch a graph on these axes of the expected results for this investigation. Explain what your graph shows about the effect of humidity on water loss.
7. Transport in flowering plants  →  7.2. Transpiration and translocation
3. Movement into and out of cells  →  3.1. Diffusion and osmosis
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2
Maltase is an enzyme found in the intestines of vertebrates, including humans. Complete Table 2.1, which provides descriptions of words related to the activity of maltase. The first row has been completed for you. Table 2.1 word how it relates to the activity of maltase maltase an enzyme that is found in vertebrate intestines the substrate of maltase glucose part of the maltase molecule which fits the substrate specific Vampire bats live in South America and feed entirely on blood. They are the only known vertebrates which do not have maltase in their intestines. Suggest an explanation for this.
8. Human nutrition  →  8.2. Human digestive system
5. Enzymes  →  5.1. Enzyme action
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3
shows the central nervous system and some other parts of a man’s body. sharp pin B C A Name the two parts of the central nervous system labelled A and B. A B The man accidentally touches his hand on a sharp pin and immediately lifts his lower arm away from the pin in a reflex action. This reflex action involves a receptor and an effector. On , draw a label line to the location of: • the receptor and label it R • the effector and label it E. Describe the roles of two named neurones in this reflex arc. The part of the body labelled C is a gland in the endocrine system. Name gland C. Explain the role of gland C in triggering an increase in heart rate in response to a sudden shock.
14. Coordination and control  →  14.1. Mammalian nervous system
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4
Living organisms excrete carbon dioxide. Describe the meaning of the term excretion. Name the process which produces carbon dioxide in living organisms and state how carbon dioxide is excreted by humans. The volume of carbon dioxide excreted varies over a 24-hour period and the factors that affect this are different for animals and plants. Suggest and explain reasons why the volume of carbon dioxide excreted varies for both animals and plants. animals plants Explain the effect of an increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
13. Excretion  →  13.1. Excretion
6. Plant nutrition  →  6.1. Photosynthesis
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5
The castor oil plant is a flowering plant which produces seeds. The seeds have an additional structure called an oil body that contains oil. shows a castor oil seed with its oil body. testa oil body The testa protects the seed contents from environmental damage. Name parts of the seed protected by the testa and describe their functions. Describe a laboratory test that can be used to show that the oil body contains oil. When the fruits of the castor oil plant are ripe, they burst open, scattering the seeds onto the soil. Ants feed on the oil bodies, but not the rest of the seeds. They either remove the oil bodies where the seeds have fallen or they take the seeds and oil bodies back to their nest. Colonies of five different ant species, A – E, were supplied with the same number of castor oil seeds near to their nests. shows the results of this experiment into the behaviour of these different ant species. oil body only taken to nest oil body and seed taken to nest key A B C D E ant species percentage taken to nest Only a small number of flowering plant species produce seeds with oil bodies. Suggest one advantage and one disadvantage to the castor oil plant of producing seeds with oil bodies. advantage disadvantage Use information from to explain how useful the different ant species are to the castor oil plant. The ants feed on the oil bodies and digest the oil. Name the products of this digestion. Ant species A is Solenopsis geminata. shows a diagram of S. geminata. S. geminata is an arthropod. The arthropods are classified into a number of groups. State the name of the group to which S. geminata belongs. State two visible features used to classify S. geminata in this group of arthropods.
16. Development of organisms and continuity of life  →  16.3. Sexual reproduction in plants
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6
Lake Victoria, in Africa, is one of the largest fresh water lakes in the world. It is an important ecosystem for people living around the lake who catch fish as part of their diet. shows part of a food web for the lake. Nile perch Nile sardines young Nile perch great cormorants African fish eagles humans small photosynthesising organisms prawns Nile tilapia zooplankton (not to scale) State the name of an organism shown in that is: a primary consumer both a secondary consumer and a tertiary consumer. Humans eat Nile tilapia, prawns, Nile sardines and Nile perch. Use information from to state which of these is the least energy efficient for humans to eat and explain why. Suggest the effects on this ecosystem of increasing the mass of Nile tilapia taken from the lake by human fishing. Suggest and explain ways in which the fish populations of the Lake Victoria ecosystem can be managed so that they provide a sustainable resource. shows a diagram of the Nile perch gas exchange system and part of the circulatory system. heart key direction of blood flow gills Describe the similarities and differences between the human and Nile perch circulatory and respiratory systems. similarities differences
19. Relationships of organisms with one another and with the environment  →  19.4. Effects of humans on ecosystems
19. Relationships of organisms with one another and with the environment  →  19.3. Ecosystems and biodiversity
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