7100_w11_qp_21
A paper of Commerce, 7100
Questions:
8
Year:
2011
Paper:
2
Variant:
1
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1
Fig. 1 shows three extracts from newspapers relating to the supply of liquid natural gas (LNG). Australia to be Asia’s main liquid natural gas supplier. New LNG project to create nearly 15 000 jobs in Australia’s primary industries. Multinational companies are very involved in developing the liquid natural gas industry in many countries. COUNTRY OUTPUT OF LNG Million tonnes per year Australia Qatar Indonesia Nigeria Russia Total output Fig. 1 Use the newspaper extracts shown in Fig. 1 to help you to answer the following questions. Calculate Australia’s total percentage share of the output of liquid natural gas per year. Show your working. Explain what is meant by a primary industry. Developments such as this liquid natural gas project will make Australia and some Asian countries interdependent. What does this mean? Explain the reasons why some countries have many primary industries whereas other countries have large-scale manufacturing industries. Explain what is meant by a multinational company. Discuss whether or not the involvement of multinational companies would be beneficial or a threat to a country’s economy. Give reasons for your opinion.
2. Commercial operations  →  2.1.3. Multinational companies (MNCs) in the global economy
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2
Shopping centres may be located either in the centres of large cities or on land between areas of large-scale population. Explain what is meant by a shopping centre. State two reasons why many consumers like to use shopping centres. Explain two reasons why shopping centres have both small-scale retailers and large-scale retailers. “Shopping centres and large-scale retailers have reduced the trade of small-scale retailers. Despite this, small-scale retailers still survive.” Discuss this statement, showing why the small-scale retailer is still important in the retail trade of many countries. Shops are located in many areas: along busy streets in the Central Business District • in the centres of towns and cities • in the middle of residential areas • in small villages. • In which shopping area listed above would you be most likely to find each of the following? Give a reason for each of your answers. A speciality shop selling expensive clothing for men. A self-service store selling food and other essential goods. A branch of a multiple chain store selling shoes.
2. Commercial operations  →  2.3. Retailing
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3
Betty and Bobby own a factory making kitchenware for export to shops in European countries. State and explain two difficulties Betty and Bobby may have when exporting to European countries. To what extent is it important that Betty and Bobby have a warehouse as part of their business? Give reasons for your opinion. Betty and Bobby make payments and receive payments in a number of ways. direct debit electronic transfer credit transfer cheque Which of the methods of payment listed above would be the most suitable for each of the following transactions? Give a reason for each of your answers. (Do not use the same method of payment more than once.) Payment for a large consignment of kitchenware supplied to one of the European shops. Wages to their workers. Payment for components supplied to their factory by a local supplier. Betty and Bobby received a supply of components from a local supplier. Part of the consignment was faulty. Mentioning any documents involved, explain how Betty and Bobby would deal with this problem.
3. Globalisation of trade  →  3.1.2. Challenges of international trade to exporters and importers
2. Commercial operations  →  2.3. Retailing
1. Commerce and production  →  1.2.4. Intermediaries in a supply chain
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4
Jacqueline Chang produces and sells a range of office furniture and equipment. She wishes to increase her sales and also her profit. The pie chart in Fig. 2 shows how her sales for 2010 are divided between different sectors of the economy. Public corporations 20% Government departments 15% Primary industries 15% Service industries 30% Manufacturing companies 20% Sales Pattern for 2010 P U B L I C S E C T O R P R I V A T E S E C T O R Fig. 2 Use the information shown in Fig. 2 to help you to answer the following questions. Distinguish between the public sector and the private sector of an economy. Giving an example, explain what is meant by a service industry. Jacqueline Chang’s total sales for 2010 were $5m. Calculate the percentage of total sales to the public sector. Show your working. Calculate the value of sales made to primary industries. Show your working. Jacqueline Chang wishes to increase her sales. Explain three ways in which she might achieve this. If Jacqueline Chang increases her sales, will her net profit also increase? Give reasons for your answer.
2. Commercial operations  →  2.1.2. Types of private and public sector enterprises
5. Aids to trade that support commerce  →  5.4.2. Commercial calculations
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5
A clothing manufacturer in Hong Kong is going to send a consignment of his products to an overseas buyer, using a container. He has not yet decided whether to use air or sea transport for this consignment. Explain two reasons for using containers to send the clothing abroad. Name a trade document issued by the carrier to the exporter when goods are sent by air transport. Name a trade document issued by the carrier to the exporter when goods are sent by sea transport. State two purposes of this trade document. Explain three factors that the manufacturer should consider when deciding whether to use air transport or sea transport for this consignment. The clothing manufacturer has always found overseas buyers himself. Should he now consider using an intermediary such as an export merchant? Give reasons for your answer, mentioning any additional information you might need to help you decide.
1. Commerce and production  →  1.1.2. Aids to trade and logistics
3. Globalisation of trade  →  3.1.2. Challenges of international trade to exporters and importers
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6
Mrs Sabah has a small shop selling glassware and china. She wishes to buy new stock. Name one commercial document she will complete when buying new stock and say why she would use it. Why will Mrs Sabah be given trade discount by suppliers? Explain why it is important for Mrs Sabah to buy on credit when purchasing her stock from suppliers. Mrs Sabah could purchase from wholesalers and directly from manufacturers. Should she do both? Give reasons for your answer. Mrs Sabah is a sole trader. Explain why being a sole trader is a riskier form of business organisation than setting up a private limited company with her husband.
2. Commercial operations  →  2.4. Wholesaling
2. Commercial operations  →  2.3. Retailing
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7
Fig. 3 shows an advertisement that has been placed in a newspaper by a small company called TVS. It offers aerial and digital television services. TVS digital television installations • free aerial or satellite dish with • every new installation quotations and advice • credit available • maintenance and repair • contract offered Call our cellphone on 07912345678 or email us on tvs@bbb.net or visit our website www.tvs.com Fig. 3 Use the information given in Fig. 3 to help you to answer the following questions. State three reasons why TVS needs to advertise. Identify one example of informative advertising given in Fig. 3. Identify one example of a sales promotion method given in Fig. 3. Explain what is meant by a quotation. The advertisement states “credit available”. State and explain one example of credit likely to be available to customers. The advertisement shows three ways of contacting TVS. Which method of communication would be the most effective to find out further details about the services offered by this company? Give reasons for your answer. Explain why you would not use the other two methods of communication. TVS uses newspaper advertising and has a website. Why should TVS not use television advertising? Name one other advertising medium it might use to give information about its services. Give a reason for your choice.
5. Aids to trade that support commerce  →  5.1. Advertising
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8
Hunter Airservices Ltd operates a fleet of small aircraft. It flies tourists and business people from the country in which it is based to neighbouring countries. The company wishes to expand its business. Why should Hunter Airservices Ltd issue ordinary shares rather than obtain a bank loan to finance the building of a new aircraft hangar? Why might Hunter Airservices Ltd make use of an overdraft to buy fuel for its aircraft? Hunter Airservices Ltd’s business affects the Balance of Payments of the country in which it is based. Explain the term Balance of Payments. Explain how Hunter Airservices Ltd’s business affects the Balance of Payments of the country in which it is based. To what extent is it important that Hunter Airservices Ltd has insurance cover? Give reasons for your answer. You should mention in your answer examples of business risks that apply.
5. Aids to trade that support commerce  →  5.3.3. How enterprises make use of insurance
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