Data types can be classified as composite or non-composite. A record is declared of type box using the following pseudocode. TYPE size = (small, medium, large) TYPE box DECLARE volume : size DECLARE price : REAL DECLARE colour : STRING ENDTYPE DECLARE myBox : ARRAY [1:6] OF box Identify one composite and three non-composite data types used in the pseudocode. Composite data type Non-composite data type 1 Non-composite data type 2 Non-composite data type 3 Identify the data type in the pseudocode that is enumerated. A box is red, with medium volume and a price of $10.99. Write pseudocode to store the details of this box in the first element of the array.

9608_w20_qp_33

THEORY

2020

Paper 3, Variant 3

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A particular programming language allows the programmer to define their own data types. ThisDate is an example of a user-defined structured data type. TYPE ThisDate DECLARE ThisDay : (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31) DECLARE ThisMonth : (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec) DECLARE ThisYear : INTEGER ENDTYPE A variable of this new type is declared as follows: DECLARE DateOfBirth : ThisDate Name the non-composite data type used in the ThisDay and ThisMonth declarations. Name the data type of ThisDate. The month value of DateOfBirth needs to be assigned to the variable MyMonthOfBirth. Write the required statement. Annual rainfall data from a number of locations are to be processed in a program. The following data are to be stored: • location name • height above sea level (to the nearest metre) • total rainfall for each month of the year (centimetres to 1 decimal place) A user-defined, composite data type is needed. The programmer chooses LocationRainfall as the name of this data type. A variable of this type can be used to store all the data for one particular location. Write the definition for the data type LocationRainfall. The programmer decides to store all the data in a file. Initially, data from 27 locations will be stored. More rainfall locations will be added over time and will never exceed 100. The programmer has to choose between two types of file organisation. The two types are serial and sequential. Give two reasons for choosing serial file organisation.

9608_s15_qp_31

THEORY

2015

Paper 3, Variant 1

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A particular programming language allows the programmer to define their own data types. ThisDate is an example of a user-defined structured data type. TYPE ThisDate DECLARE ThisDay : (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31) DECLARE ThisMonth : (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec) DECLARE ThisYear : INTEGER ENDTYPE A variable of this new type is declared as follows: DECLARE DateOfBirth : ThisDate Name the non-composite data type used in the ThisDay and ThisMonth declarations. Name the data type of ThisDate. The month value of DateOfBirth needs to be assigned to the variable MyMonthOfBirth. Write the required statement. Annual rainfall data from a number of locations are to be processed in a program. The following data are to be stored: • location name • height above sea level (to the nearest metre) • total rainfall for each month of the year (centimetres to 1 decimal place) A user-defined, composite data type is needed. The programmer chooses LocationRainfall as the name of this data type. A variable of this type can be used to store all the data for one particular location. Write the definition for the data type LocationRainfall. The programmer decides to store all the data in a file. Initially, data from 27 locations will be stored. More rainfall locations will be added over time and will never exceed 100. The programmer has to choose between two types of file organisation. The two types are serial and sequential. Give two reasons for choosing serial file organisation.

9608_s15_qp_32

THEORY

2015

Paper 3, Variant 2

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Data types can be defined using pseudocode. The data type, ComputerRecord, is defined by the following pseudocode: TYPE ComputerRecord DECLARE ComputerID : INTEGER DECLARE ComputerType : (Laptop, Desktop, Tablet) DECLARE ComputerLocation : (Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Mobile) DECLARE DateTested : DATE ENDTYPE A variable, SchoolComputer, is declared in pseudocode as: DECLARE SchoolComputer : ComputerRecord Write pseudocode statements to assign 1234 to the ComputerID of SchoolComputer and Lab2 to the ComputerLocation of SchoolComputer. The type definition for ComputerRecord is changed. The definition has been extended to include the student identification numbers, StudentID, for up to 20 students who can use that computer. Each student identification number is an integer. Write the extra line of pseudocode needed in the type definition for ComputerRecord. The values for the field ComputerID must be between 1000 and 1999 inclusive. Rewrite one pseudocode line from the type definition of ComputerRecord to implement the change. Data about all the computers are stored in a file that uses random file organisation. ComputerID is used as the key field. Explain how a program could search for a record stored in this file.

9608_w21_qp_31

THEORY

2021

Paper 3, Variant 1

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Data types can be defined using pseudocode. The data type, BicycleRecord, is defined in pseudocode as: TYPE BicycleRecord DECLARE BicycleID : INTEGER DECLARE BicycleAvailable : BOOLEAN DECLARE BicycleLocation : (RiverSide, BusStation, TrainStation, TownSquare, Library) DECLARE DateChecked : DATE ENDTYPE A variable, LoanBicycle, is declared in pseudocode as: DECLARE LoanBicycle : BicycleRecord Write pseudocode statements to assign 567 to the BicycleID of LoanBicycle and FALSE to the BicycleAvailable of LoanBicycle. The type definition for BicycleRecord is changed. The definition has been extended to include borrower identification numbers, BorrowerID, for the last 10 people who borrowed a bicycle. Each identification number is an integer. Write the pseudocode statement needed in the type definition of BicycleRecord. The values for the field BicycleID must be between 500 and 599 inclusive. Rewrite one pseudocode line from the type definition of BicycleRecord to implement the change. Data about all the bicycles are stored in a file that uses random file organisation. BicycleID is used as the key field. Explain how a program could add an extra record to this file.

9608_w21_qp_32

THEORY

2021

Paper 3, Variant 2

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Data types can be defined using pseudocode. The data type, ComputerRecord, is defined by the following pseudocode: TYPE ComputerRecord DECLARE ComputerID : INTEGER DECLARE ComputerType : (Laptop, Desktop, Tablet) DECLARE ComputerLocation : (Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Mobile) DECLARE DateTested : DATE ENDTYPE A variable, SchoolComputer, is declared in pseudocode as: DECLARE SchoolComputer : ComputerRecord Write pseudocode statements to assign 1234 to the ComputerID of SchoolComputer and Lab2 to the ComputerLocation of SchoolComputer. The type definition for ComputerRecord is changed. The definition has been extended to include the student identification numbers, StudentID, for up to 20 students who can use that computer. Each student identification number is an integer. Write the extra line of pseudocode needed in the type definition for ComputerRecord. The values for the field ComputerID must be between 1000 and 1999 inclusive. Rewrite one pseudocode line from the type definition of ComputerRecord to implement the change. Data about all the computers are stored in a file that uses random file organisation. ComputerID is used as the key field. Explain how a program could search for a record stored in this file.

9608_w21_qp_33

THEORY

2021

Paper 3, Variant 3

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Three file organisation methods and two file access methods are shown below. Draw lines to link each file organisation method to its appropriate file access method or methods. serial sequential random File organisation method direct sequential File access method A bank has a very large number of customers. The bank stores data for each customer. This includes: • unique customer number • personal data (name, address, telephone number) • transactions The bank computer system makes use of three files: • A – a file that stores customer personal data. This file is used at the end of each month for the production of the monthly statement. • B – a file that stores encrypted personal identification numbers (PINs) for customer bank cards. This file is accessed when the customer attempts to withdraw cash at a cash machine (ATM). • C – a file that stores all customer transaction records for the current month. Every time the customer makes a transaction, a new record is created. For each of the files A, B and C, state an appropriate method of organisation. Justify your choice. File A organisation Justification File B organisation Justification File C organisation Justification

9608_s16_qp_31

THEORY

2016

Paper 3, Variant 1

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Three file organisation methods and two file access methods are shown below. Draw lines to link each file organisation method to its appropriate file access method or methods. serial sequential random File organisation method direct sequential File access method A bank has a very large number of customers. The bank stores data for each customer. This includes: • unique customer number • personal data (name, address, telephone number) • transactions The bank computer system makes use of three files: • A – a file that stores customer personal data. This file is used at the end of each month for the production of the monthly statement. • B – a file that stores encrypted personal identification numbers (PINs) for customer bank cards. This file is accessed when the customer attempts to withdraw cash at a cash machine (ATM). • C – a file that stores all customer transaction records for the current month. Every time the customer makes a transaction, a new record is created. For each of the files A, B and C, state an appropriate method of organisation. Justify your choice. File A organisation Justification File B organisation Justification File C organisation Justification

9608_s16_qp_32

THEORY

2016

Paper 3, Variant 2

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Three file organisation methods and two file access methods are shown below. Draw lines to link each file organisation method to its appropriate file access method or methods. serial sequential random File organisation method direct sequential File access method A bank has a very large number of customers. The bank stores data for each customer. This includes: • unique customer number • personal data (name, address, telephone number) • transactions The bank computer system makes use of three files: • A – a file that stores customer personal data. This file is used at the end of each month for the production of the monthly statement. • B – a file that stores encrypted personal identification numbers (PINs) for customer bank cards. This file is accessed when the customer attempts to withdraw cash at a cash machine (ATM). • C – a file that stores all customer transaction records for the current month. Every time the customer makes a transaction, a new record is created. For each of the files A, B and C, state an appropriate method of organisation. Justify your choice. File A organisation Justification File B organisation Justification File C organisation Justification

9608_s16_qp_33

THEORY

2016

Paper 3, Variant 3

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Three file organisation methods and two file access methods are shown below. Draw lines to link each file organisation method to its appropriate file access method. File organisation method File access method random sequential serial direct sequential An energy company supplies electricity to a large number of customers. Each customer has a meter that records the amount of electricity used. Customers submit meter readings using their online account. The company’s computer system stores data about its customers. This data includes: • account number • personal data (name, address, telephone number) • meter readings • username and encrypted password. The computer system uses three files: File Content Use A Account number and meter readings for the current month. Each time a customer submits their reading, a new record is added to the file. B Customer’s personal data. At the end of the month to create a statement that shows the electricity supplied and the total cost. C Usernames and encrypted passwords. When customers log in to their accounts to submit meter readings. For each of the files A, B and C, state an appropriate file organisation method for the use given in the table. All three file organisation methods must be different. Justify your choice. File A organisation Justification File B organisation Justification File C organisation Justification

9608_s17_qp_32

THEORY

2017

Paper 3, Variant 2

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