1.2. Concept and uses of classification systems
A subsection of Biology, 0610, through 1. Characteristics and classification of living organisms
Listing 10 of 104 questions
For Examiner's Use Cicadas are insects that make a lot of noise. shows an adult chorus cicada, Amphipsalta zelandica, that is only found in New Zealand. State three features, visible in , that show that the chorus cicada is an insect. Insects are classified in the same group as crustaceans, arachnids and myriapods. Name the group that contains all these animals. Evolutionary relationships between different species are investigated by examining DNA. State precisely where DNA is found in a cell. For Examiner's Use It is suggested that the eight cicada species in New Zealand originated from two migrations, A and B, from Australia as shown in Fig.1.3. Australia Australia New Caledonia New Zealand Australia key migration A migration B Explain how the results in support the idea that the eight cicada species in New Zealand originated from two migrations of cicadas as shown in . You can use the numbers from in your answer. For Examiner's Use Islands in the Pacific have been colonised by populations of animals that have migrated from Australia, mainland Asia and the Americas. Over many generations these populations have changed. Now they are unable to breed with animals of the original populations in Australia, mainland Asia and the Americas. Explain how natural selection has resulted in changes in the populations of animals on islands in the Pacific.
0610_w12_qp_33
THEORY
2012
Paper 3, Variant 3
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A new species of frog was discovered in 2009 in the Amazon rainforest in Peru. shows this frog, Osteocephalus castaneicola. State the genus of this animal. In the past, anatomy was a way to classify species. DNA is now used to aid the classification of organisms. Draw and annotate a diagram to show the structure of DNA. Describe how DNA can be used to classify organisms. DNA controls cell function by controlling the production of proteins. Proteins are coded for by a length of DNA. What is the name given to the length of DNA which codes for a protein? Describe the role of mRNA in protein synthesis.
0610_m16_qp_42
THEORY
2016
Paper 4, Variant 2
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is a diagram showing a small region of DNA. shows part of the DNA enlarged to show the sequence of bases. A T T C G C Complete by adding the letters for the bases that are missing. shows how DNA is involved in protein synthesis. DNA mRNA mRNA nuclear membrane ribosome not to scale Explain how mRNA is involved in protein synthesis. Base sequences of the DNA of different species are compared to investigate how species are related to one another. The most closely related species have the shortest distance from a branching point on a classification tree. shows how six species of fungi are related to each other. A Aspergillus flavus B Aspergillus oryzae C Aspergillus fumigatus E Aspergillus clavatus F Aspergillus nidulans D Neosartorya fischeri Use the letters on to state the two species that are most closely related. Use to explain why Aspergillus nidulans is the most distantly related species from all of the other five species. Modern methods of classification rely on the analysis and comparison of base sequences in DNA. Describe the type of evidence that scientists used for classifying organisms before they were able to sequence DNA.
0610_w16_qp_42
THEORY
2016
Paper 4, Variant 2
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Questions Discovered
104