20.4. Conservation
A subsection of Biology, 0610, through 20. Human influences on ecosystems
Listing 10 of 99 questions
shows the Galapagos iguana, Amblyrhynchus cristatus. State two features that are used to classify animals, such as the Galapagos iguana, as reptiles. State two features that are present in plant cells that are not present in the cells of reptiles. Galapagos iguanas feed on seaweed which contains starch and other carbohydrates. State the name of the enzyme that digests starch. State the names of two parts of the alimentary canal where starch is digested. There are many threats to wildlife in the Galapagos. Describe ways in which endangered species can be conserved. One aim of conservation is to maintain resources in natural ecosystems. State three resources that natural ecosystems provide for humans.
0610_w18_qp_42
THEORY
2018
Paper 4, Variant 2
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shows the changes in the percentage of the total global fish stocks that are overfished and those that are sustainable. percentage of the total global fish stocks 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 year Key overfished sustainable 2005 2010 2015 2020 Use the information in to: State the percentage of fish stocks that were sustainable in 2020. % State which five-year period had the greatest increase in sustainable fish populations. Overfishing is one reason why populations of fish decline. Explain the risks to a species if its population size decreases. Describe and explain how fish stocks can be managed sustainably and how overfishing can be prevented through conservation.
0610_w23_qp_41
THEORY
2023
Paper 4, Variant 1
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is a photograph of a giant panda. State the name of the vertebrate group that giant pandas belong to. Giant pandas live in mountainous regions in central China. Researchers estimated the numbers of giant pandas in these areas over several years. The results are shown in . year estimated number of giant pandas The population of giant pandas was at its lowest in 1988. State the estimated number of giant pandas in 1988. Calculate the change in population size of giant pandas between 1977 and 2014. In 1988 the population size became so low that giant pandas were considered an endangered species. Suggest reasons why species such as the giant panda become endangered. Giant pandas are no longer endangered due to successful conservation programmes. Suggest how conservation programmes have helped to increase numbers of giant pandas.
0610_m20_qp_32
THEORY
2020
Paper 3, Variant 2
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Scientists recorded the percentage of endangered species in each of the five groups of vertebrates, in 2000 and 2011. shows the results. percentage of endangered species in each vertebrate group amphibians mammals birds vertebrate group reptiles fish key: State the vertebrate group that had the largest increase in the percentage of endangered species between 2000 and 2011. State the vertebrate group that had a decrease in the percentage of endangered species. State the percentage of fish species that were endangered in 2011. % State one feature of birds which distinguishes them from the other groups of vertebrates. One reason species become endangered is pollution from discarded waste such as plastic. Describe two ways of preventing plastic waste entering the environment. Reducing pollution can help to conserve species. Outline other ways that can be used to conserve endangered animal species. Differences between the features of the five groups of vertebrates have arisen over very long periods of time. These differences are the result of natural selection. The box on the left contains the term ‘Natural selection’. The boxes on the right contain some sentence endings. Draw three lines to link the term ‘Natural selection’ with three sentence endings to make three correct sentences. involves humans choosing the best animals. involves only the best adapted organisms surviving and breeding. involves passing on alleles to offspring. Natural selection occurs because all offspring are identical to their parents. occurs as there are not enough resources for every individual. only occurs in animals.
0610_m22_qp_32
THEORY
2022
Paper 3, Variant 2
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The Arabian oryx and the northern white rhinoceros are both mammals. is a photograph of an Arabian oryx. is a photograph of a northern white rhinoceros. Describe two pieces of evidence visible in and that show these animals are mammals. Different conservation methods are used to try to prevent species from becoming extinct. A population of the Arabian oryx and a population of northern white rhinoceros were monitored. shows how the population size of each species has changed over time. number of Arabian oryx number of northern white rhinoceros year northern white rhinoceros Arabian oryx key: Calculate the percentage increase in the number of Arabian oryx between 1990 and 2000. Give your answer to three significant figures. Space for working. % Describe the data for the northern white rhinoceros shown in . Suggest the conservation methods that were used to increase the number of Arabian oryx between 1978 and 2000. Explain the risks to the northern white rhinoceros species as a result of its population size.
0610_m22_qp_42
THEORY
2022
Paper 4, Variant 2
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Questions Discovered
99