9.2. Heart
A subsection of Biology, 0610, through 9. Transport in animals
Listing 10 of 161 questions
For Examiner's Use Heart surgeons may stop the heart beating during operations. While this happens blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine that oxygenates the blood. is a diagram showing a heart-lung machine in use. left ventricle D drainage tubes reservoir of deoxygenated blood removed from body oxygenator oxygenated blood returned to body pump E F A B C Name the structures labelled A to D. A B C D Name the blood vessels E and F. E F For Examiner's Use The heart-lung machine is used so that surgeons can operate on the arteries supplying heart muscle. These arteries may be diseased. Name these arteries and explain how they may become diseased. name of arteries explanation Suggest why a patient is put on a heart-lung machine during such an operation. Humans have a double circulation system. There is a low pressure circulation and a high pressure circulation. Explain how the structure of the heart enables it to pump blood into two circulations at different pressures.
0610_w11_qp_32
THEORY
2011
Paper 3, Variant 2
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The activity of the heart can be monitored using different methods. shows two ECG traces. One trace was recorded when the person was at rest and the second trace was recorded during exercise. The length of time taken for one heart beat is indicated in on the ECG trace recorded at rest. 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 time / s during exercise 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 time / s one heart beat at rest Estimate the resting heart rate of the person from their ECG trace in . Space for working. beats per minute Explain why the ECG trace recorded during exercise differs from the ECG trace recorded at rest. Suggest one other way of monitoring the activity of the heart. If exercise is very intense an oxygen debt is formed. Complete the sentence. An oxygen debt results in a build-up of in the during vigorous exercise. Outline how the body removes an oxygen debt.
0610_m21_qp_42
THEORY
2021
Paper 4, Variant 2
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is a diagram of a section through a human heart. Y Z deoxygenated blood from the body oxygenated blood to the body oxygenated blood from the lungs deoxygenated blood to the lungs Draw the letter X on to show the position of the septum. State the name of the blood vessel labelled Y in . State the function of the part labelled Z in . State how the part labelled Z in can be used to monitor the activity of the heart. State the name of the main type of tissue that forms the wall of the heart. A scientist measured the average resting heart rate of seven different species of animal. They also estimated the average life expectancy of each species. is a graph of the scientist’s data. average life expectancy / years average resting heart rate / beats per minute mouse fox wolf tiger horse orca hamster Complete the sentences to describe the results in . The animal with the highest average resting heart rate is the . The animal with the longest average life expectancy is the . The general trend is that as the average life expectancy increases, the average resting heart rate . Another animal species has an average life expectancy of 14 years. Using the information in , predict the average resting heart rate of this animal species. beats per minute Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a blockage of one of the blood vessels of the heart. State the name of the blood vessel that becomes blocked in CHD. List two risk factors for coronary heart disease. List the names of two types of cell found in blood.
0610_m22_qp_32
THEORY
2022
Paper 3, Variant 2
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shows the risk of coronary heart disease by age and gender. 25 – 34 35 – 44 age group / years 45 – 54 55 – 64 65 – 74 percentage of all deaths caused by coronary heart disease men women Use to: state which age group has the lowest percentage of deaths caused by coronary heart disease describe what happens to the risk of coronary heart disease as a man gets older describe the difference in risk of coronary heart disease for a man and a woman between the ages of 55 and 64. State three risk factors for coronary heart disease, other than age and gender. shows a diagram of the human heart and its associated blood vessels. D E F H G On the diagram, circle the letter of the blood vessel which, when blocked, results in coronary heart disease. The activity of the heart can be studied by monitoring the closing of the heart valves. Describe how this monitoring could be carried out. State the function of the heart valves. shows heart activity (valves closing) over a period of ten seconds, for a person who is resting. time / s heart activity valves closing State how many times the valves close in ten seconds. Calculate the heart rate, in beats per minute, of the person being monitored. Show your working. beats per minute Suggest how the heart activity would be different if the person started to exercise.
0610_s16_qp_32
THEORY
2016
Paper 3, Variant 2
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shows the human heart and the main blood vessels. The functions of the parts of the heart and some of the blood vessels are given in Table 1.1. A B C D E F G H J K 1 15 A group of students used a heart monitor to record the pulse rate of an athlete during a 5000 metre race. The recordings started just before the race began and ended just after it had finished, as shown in . time / min pulse rate / beats per minute start of race end of race Use data from to describe the effect of exercise on the pulse rate of the athlete. 1 15 Explain the change in pulse rate between 2 minutes and 3 minutes after the recordings started. [ 1 15
0610_s16_qp_41
THEORY
2016
Paper 4, Variant 1
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Questions Discovered
161