9.6. Extraction of metals
A subsection of Chemistry, 0620, through 9. Metals
Listing 10 of 311 questions
Many metals are extracted from their ores by reduction with carbon. Name the main ore of iron. Iron is extracted from its ore in a blast furnace. Other than iron ore, state the names of two other raw materials used in the extraction of iron. 1. 2. One of the reactions taking place in the blast furnace is FeO + C → Fe + CO Write a word equation for this reaction. The diagram shows a blast furnace. Label the diagram to show each of the following: ● the slag, ● where the molten iron collects, ● where air is blown into the furnace, ● where the iron ore is put into the furnace. mixture of iron ore and raw materials Zinc is extracted from an ore containing zinc sulfi de. Part of a zinc sulfi de structure is shown below. Zn2+ Zn2+ Zn2+ Zn2+ Zn2+ S2– Zn2+ S2– Zn2+ S2– Zn2+ S2– S2– S2– S2– S2– Suggest the simplest formula for zinc sulfi de.
0620_s10_qp_21
THEORY
2010
Paper 2, Variant 1
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Titanium is a transition element. It is isolated by the following reactions. titanium ore → titanium(oxide → titanium(chloride → titanium TiO2 TiCl 4 Ti Why is it usually necessary to include a number in the name of the compounds of transition elements? Titanium(chloride is made by heating the oxide with coke and chlorine. TiO2 + 2Cl 2 TiCl 4 + O2 2C + O2 2CO Explain why the presence of coke ensures the maximum yield of the metal chloride. Explain why the change, titanium(chloride to titanium, is reduction. Complete the table which shows some of the properties of titanium and its uses. The fi rst line has been completed as an example. property related use soluble in molten steel making steel titanium alloys making aircraft and space vehicles resistant to corrosion, especially in sea water The titanium ore contains 36.8% iron, 31.6% titanium and the remainder is oxygen. Determine the percentage of oxygen in this titanium compound. percentage of oxygen = % Calculate the number of moles of atoms for each element. The number of moles of Fe is shown as an example. number of moles of Fe = 36.8 / 56 = 0.66 number of moles of Ti = number of moles of O = What is the simplest ratio for the moles of atoms? Fe : Ti : O What is the formula of this titanium compound?
0620_s10_qp_31
THEORY
2010
Paper 3, Variant 1
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The diagram shows a basic oxygen converter. This is used to convert impure iron from the blast furnace into steel. During this process, some of the impurities in the iron are converted into a slag. Label the diagram to show each of the following: ● where the oxygen enters; ● the slag; ● the molten steel. In the converter, the oxygen oxidises sulfur, carbon and phosphorus to their oxides. Explain why sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide are easily removed from the converter. Explain how calcium oxide is used to remove phosphorus(oxide from the converter. Stainless steel is an alloy. Which one of the diagrams, A, B, C or D, best represents an alloy? Put a ring around the correct answer. A B C D State one use of stainless steel.
0620_s11_qp_21
THEORY
2011
Paper 2, Variant 1
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Many metal oxides can be reduced with carbon. The table shows the temperatures required to produce different metals from their oxides by heating with carbon. reaction temperature / °C aluminium oxide → aluminium iron oxide → iron nickel oxide → nickel zinc oxide → zinc Use the information in the table to arrange aluminium, iron, nickel and zinc in order of their reactivity. least reactive most reactive Suggest why aluminium is extracted by electrolysis rather than by heating with carbon. State the name of the main ore of aluminium. Iron is extracted by heating iron ore with carbon in a blast furnace. Apart from iron ore and carbon , state the names of two other raw materials used in the blast furnace for the extraction of iron. and Complete this equation for the reaction of iron(oxide with carbon. Fe2O3 + CO → Fe + 3CO2 In the blast furnace, carbon dioxide reacts with red hot carbon to form carbon monoxide. CO2 + C → 2CO Which substance gets reduced during this reaction? Explain your answer. State one adverse effect of carbon monoxide on health. The reaction between carbon dioxide and red hot carbon is endothermic. What do you understand by the term endothermic ? Iron is usually made into steel alloys. What do you understand by the term alloy ? Mild steel is an alloy. State one use of mild steel.
0620_s11_qp_22
THEORY
2011
Paper 2, Variant 2
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