9.6. Extraction of metals
A subsection of Chemistry, 0620, through 9. Metals
Listing 10 of 311 questions
Aluminium and zinc are both metals. Aluminium is extracted from its purified ore by electrolysis. State the name of an ore of aluminium. Explain why aluminium is extracted from its purified ore by electrolysis and not by heating with carbon. Aluminium reacts with hydrochloric acid to form aluminium chloride and a gas which ‘pops’ with a lighted splint. Identify this gas. Suggest a practical method for investigating the rate of this reaction involving collection of the gas. You may include a labelled diagram in your answer. State one use of aluminium. Give a reason why it is used for this purpose. use reason Give two advantages of recycling aluminium. Zinc is extracted from zinc oxide by heating zinc oxide with carbon monoxide. ZnO + CO Zn + CO2 How does this equation show that zinc oxide is reduced? The energy level diagram for this reaction is shown. energy Zn + CO2 ZnO + CO Explain how this diagram shows that the reaction is endothermic.
0620_s17_qp_32
THEORY
2017
Paper 3, Variant 2
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This question is about aluminium. The changes of state of aluminium are shown. solid aluminium A liquid aluminium aluminium gas B Name the changes of state represented by A and B. A B  Use the kinetic particle model to describe the differences between solid aluminium and liquid aluminium in terms of: ● the arrangement of the particles ● the separation of the particles.  Aluminium ore contains aluminium oxide. Name the main ore of aluminium. Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide by electrolysis. Explain why aluminium is extracted by electrolysis and not by reduction with carbon. Aluminium can be used to reduce iron(oxide to iron. Fe2O3 + 2Al → 2Fe + Al 2O3 Describe how this equation shows that iron(oxide is reduced. Aluminium is used for electric cables. State one other use of aluminium. Give a reason for this use in terms of the properties of aluminium. use of aluminium reason for this use  Deduce the electronic structure of aluminium. Use the Periodic Table to help you. 
0620_s22_qp_32
THEORY
2022
Paper 3, Variant 2
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Aluminium is extracted by electrolysis of its purified ore. Name the main ore of aluminium. shows the apparatus used in the extraction of aluminium. + – power supply steel case Label the cathode in . The electrolyte contains molten aluminium oxide. State the product formed at each electrode. positive electrode negative electrode  State two physical properties that explain why aluminium is used in overhead electrical cables.  Aluminium ore is purified by reacting it with sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide is an alkali. State the meaning of the term alkali. Describe how to find the pH of a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide using universal indicator paper. A dilute solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of methyl orange in acid until the sodium hydroxide is in excess. State the colour change of the methyl orange. from to ������������������������������������������������������������ 
0620_s24_qp_31
THEORY
2024
Paper 3, Variant 1
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Use The diagram shows an electrolysis cell used to extract aluminium. + + + – electrolyte (aluminium compound dissolved in cryolite) negative electrode positive electrode molten aluminium What compound of aluminium is used for the electrolyte? The electrolyte must be molten for the electrolysis to work. Explain why. State the name of the substance used for the electrodes. To which electrode do the aluminium ions move during electrolysis? Explain your answer. Complete the following sentences about the molten electrolyte using words from the list below. bauxite chemical cryolite decreased electrical haematite increased light The melting point of the electrolyte is by adding . This means that less energy is needed to melt the electrolyte. Examiner's Use Aluminium is used in overhead power cables. aluminium steel core pylon steel cored aluminium cables The table shows some properties of three metals which could be used for the power cables. metal relative electrical conductivity density / grams per cm3 price / £ per kg relative strength aluminium 0.4 2.70 copper 0.7 8.92 steel 0.1 7.86 2.7 Suggest why aluminium is used for overhead power cables rather than copper. Suggest why steel is not used alone for overhead power cables. Why is steel used as a core for overhead power cables? Electrical insulators are used in parts of the pylons which carry the electrical cables. Which one of the following is an electrical insulator? Put a ring around the correct answer. aluminium ceramic graphite zinc Examiner's Use Aluminium has many uses. Why is aluminium used for aircraft bodies? Describe a test for aluminium ions. test result
0620_w05_qp_2
THEORY
2005
Paper 2, Variant 0
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Questions Discovered
311