1. Motion, forces and energy
A section of Physics, 5054
Listing 10 of 1150 questions
A hydraulic press is used at a recycling centre to compress waste material. is a side view of the press. waste piston 1 upper surface of piston 2 oil P piston 2 pipe ground force (not to scale) A force to the left is exerted on piston 1. Oil is pushed along the pipe and this moves piston 2 downwards. Piston 2 compresses the waste. Oil is a liquid. State the property of a liquid that makes it suitable for use in a hydraulic system. Explain, in terms of molecules, why a liquid has this property. Suggest one advantage of using oil as the liquid in a hydraulic press. The cross-sectional area of piston 1 is 0.018 m2. Piston 1 exerts a force of 4500 N on the oil. Calculate the pressure of the oil due to this force. pressure = The pressure of the atmosphere is 1.0 × 105 Pa. Calculate the total pressure of the oil in the pipe. total pressure = The area of piston 2 that is in contact with the oil is 1.4 m2. Initially, the upper surface of piston 2 is level with point P. Calculate the force exerted on piston 2 due to the pressure calculated in . force = As piston 1 moves along the pipe: • the pressure of the oil in the pipe at point P remains constant • piston 2 moves downwards • the pressure of the oil at the upper surface of piston 2 increases. Explain why the pressure at the upper surface of piston 2 increases. The density of the oil is 900 kg / m3. The upper surface of piston 2 is now 0.50 m below the level of the pipe. Calculate the increase in the force exerted at the upper surface of piston 2 by the oil. [gravitational field strength g = 10 N / kg] increase in force = There is air trapped in the plastic bags that contain the waste. The temperature of the air in the bags remains constant. Explain, in terms of molecules, why the pressure of the trapped air increases as it is compressed.
5054_w21_qp_22
THEORY
2021
Paper 2, Variant 2
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shows a long vertical tube, sealed at the base and open at the other end. The tube is 1.0 m long. The cross-sectional area of the tube is 4.0 × 10–4 m2. It is filled with a liquid of density 1.4 × 104 kg / m3. bench dense liquid base of cross-sectional area 4.0 × 10–4 m2 tube 1.0 m (not to scale) The atmospheric pressure is 1.0 × 105 Pa. Calculate: the total pressure in the liquid at the bottom of the tube total pressure = Pa the force exerted on the inside surface of the bottom of the tube. force = N A small sheet of glass is placed over the open end of the tube. The tube is inverted in a container of the dense liquid. The open end of the tube and the sheet of glass are a short distance below the surface of the liquid. shows the arrangement. dense liquid inverted tube sheet of glass container (not to scale) The sheet of glass seals the open end of the inverted tube. Describe what happens in the inverted tube when the sheet of glass is removed. Question 4 continues over the page. This equipment is used to make a measurement that is used to calculate atmospheric pressure. Describe the measurement made and then used in the calculation of atmospheric pressure. You may draw a diagram to help your description.
5054_w23_qp_22
THEORY
2023
Paper 2, Variant 2
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Questions Discovered
1150