3.1. General properties of waves
A subsection of Physics, 5054, through 3. Waves
Listing 10 of 112 questions
shows a wave on a rope and shows a wave on a spring. Both waves are moving in the direction shown by the arrows. X State the name of each of the two types of wave shown. On , draw a wave which has a smaller frequency than the wave shown. Describe the movement of point X on the spring in as the wave passes. Table 4.1 shows some sentences that a student writes about waves. His teacher places a ring around each mistake. Write a suitable correction for each mistake in Table 4.1. One has been done for you. Table 4.1 sentence correction Sound travels at 3.0 × 108 m / s in air. Sound with a higher pitch has a larger amplitude. X-rays are used for pre-natal scanning. In the electromagnetic spectrum, microwaves have the highest frequency.
5054_s21_qp_21
THEORY
2021
Paper 2, Variant 1
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shows a water wave moving from shallow into deep water. The wavefronts shown represent the crests of the wave. shallow water deep water boundary wavefront 12 cm (not to scale) The water wave is made by dipping a wooden bar up and down in the water. The bar makes 10 complete up and down movements in 5.0 s. Determine the wavelength of the wave in the shallow water. wavelength = Calculate the frequency of the wave produced. frequency = Determine the speed of the water wave in the shallow water. speed = On , draw lines to show what happens to the wavelength, the frequency and the speed of the water wave as it enters the deep water. One line has been drawn for you. wavelength frequency speed decreases stays the same increases The direction of the boundary is now altered. The water wave now enters the deep water from the shallow water at an angle, as shown in . deep water boundary deep water On , draw the wavefronts in the deep water. White light is made up of different colours. State the name of four of the colours in the visible spectrum and place them in order from the smallest wavelength to the largest wavelength. smallest wavelength largest wavelength A narrow beam of white light can be split into different colours. shows rays of white light emitted from a lamp. Complete to show how a narrow beam is produced from these rays and how a spectrum is shown on the screen. Label your diagram. lamp screen
5054_s21_qp_22
THEORY
2021
Paper 2, Variant 2
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shows a ripple tank and the crests of the water wave that is produced in it. wooden bar rubber band water crest The frequency of the water wave is 2.0 Hz and its amplitude is 3.0 mm. Calculate the number of crests produced in 1.5 s. number = The height of the wave is measured from the level of the undisturbed surface of the water. The height of the wave at one point is 0 at time = 0. On , draw a graph to show how the height of the wave at this point varies with time. – 6 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 – 4 – 2 time / s height / mm The frequency of the wave is increased. Describe how the apparatus shown in is adjusted so that the frequency of the wave is increased. State what happens to the speed and wavelength of the wave as the frequency increases. speed wavelength The apparatus shown in can be used to demonstrate refraction. State the additional apparatus needed to demonstrate refraction. Draw on to show the refraction of the water wave. Label a boundary where the refraction occurs. wooden bar ripple tank shows a connection to the internet made from a remote station A using a satellite above the Earth’s surface. Data is sent between stations A and B using microwaves which travel to and from the satellite. Station B is connected directly to the internet using optical fibre. station A station B satellite to internet (not to scale) The speed of microwaves is 3.0 × 108 m / s. Stations A and B are each 560 km from the satellite. Calculate the time taken for data to travel from A to B using microwaves. time = The same data can be sent from A to B in a shorter time along the surface of the Earth using infrared waves to carry the information in optical fibres. State one property that infrared waves and microwaves have in common. Suggest one other advantage of using optical fibres to connect stations A and B directly.
5054_s22_qp_22
THEORY
2022
Paper 2, Variant 2
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Ultrasound of frequency 30 kHz has a wavelength of 0.011 m in air. State what is meant by ‘frequency’. Calculate the speed of ultrasound in air. Show your working. speed = m / s State one use of ultrasound. Sound waves are longitudinal waves. Water waves are transverse waves. Describe, by referring to the movement of the particles in the wave, the difference between a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave. You may include a labelled diagram to help your description. State one source of waves that generates both longitudinal and transverse waves. shows radio waves of long and short wavelength passing over the same hill. hill diagram A hill diagram B (not to scale) Explain why the radio waves in diagram A reach the house but the radio waves in diagram B do not reach the house.
5054_s24_qp_21
THEORY
2024
Paper 2, Variant 1
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Questions Discovered
112