describe the behaviour of chromosomes in plant and animal cells during meiosis and the associated behaviour of the nuclear envelope, the cell surface membrane and the spindle (names of the main stages of meiosis, but not the sub-divisions of prophase I, are expected: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II and telophase II)

describe methods of assisted reproduction used in the conservation of endangered mammals, limited to IVF, embryo transfer and surrogacy

explain the importance of mitosis in the production of genetically identical daughter cells during: • growth of multicellular organisms • replacement of damaged or dead cells • repair of tissues by cell replacement • asexual reproduction