recall F = ma and solve problems using it, understanding that acceleration and resultant force are always in the same direction
explain how molecular movement causes the pressure exerted by a gas and derive and use the relationship pV = ⅓Nm < c² >, where < c² > is the mean-square speed (a simple model considering one-dimensional collisions and then extending to three dimensions using ⅓ < c² > = < cx² > is sufficient)
apply the principle of conservation of momentum to solve simple problems, including elastic and inelastic interactions between objects in both one and two dimensions (knowledge of the concept of coefficient of restitution is not required)