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1

Data can be measured in bits. Give the name of the data storage measurement that is equal to 8 bits. State how many bits there are in a kibibyte (KiB). Give the name of the data storage measurement that is equal to 1024 gibibytes (GiB). A 16-bit colour image has a resolution of 512 pixels wide by 512 pixels high. Calculate the file size of the image in kibibytes (KiB). Show all your working. Answer KiB

1. Data representation  →  1.3. Data storage and compression

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2

Data can be transmitted from one device to another. Tick (3) one box to show which of the terms is not a method for transmitting data. A serial B simplex C parallel D parity Data is broken down into smaller units to be transmitted from one device to another. Give the name of the unit that data is broken down into. Data is often encrypted when it is transmitted from one device to another. Explain how data is encrypted using symmetric encryption. Give the purpose of encryption. ,

  
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2. Data transmission  →  2.1. Types and methods of data transmission

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3

Binary is a base 2 number system. Give the name of the number system that is base 16. Three denary numbers are entered into a computer. The computer converts the numbers and stores them as binary. Give the binary number that would be stored for each of the denary numbers. Working space Explain why the data is converted to binary by the computer. The two binary integers 00110000 and 01100110 are added together. Add the binary integers using binary addition and show your answer in binary. Show all your working. The denary integer –32 is stored as a two’s complement integer. Calculate the two’s complement integer that would be stored. Show all your working. ,

  
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1. Data representation  →  1.1. Number systems

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4

A student uses both system software and application software on their computer. Give one example of system software. Give two examples of application software. Describe the difference between system software and application software.

4. Software  →  4.1. Types of software and interrupts

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5

Instructions are processed by a central processing unit (CPU) in a computer. Complete the paragraph about fetching an instruction into the CPU to be processed. Use the terms from the list. Some of the terms in the list will not be used. You should only use a term once. address arithmetic logic unit (ALU) binary control unit (CU) current instruction register (CIR) data denary driver fetch interrupt memory address register (MAR) memory data register (MDR) random access memory (RAM) read only memory (ROM) secondary storage signal The program counter contains the ……………………………………………………… of the next instruction to be processed; this is then sent to the ……………………………………………………… using the address bus. The address is then sent to the ……………………………………………………… . Once the address is received, the instruction stored at the location is sent to the ………………………………………………………, using the ……………………………………………………… bus. The instruction is then sent to the ……………………………………………………… that is built into the ……………………………………………………… . The CPU uses an instruction set to decode the instruction. State what is meant by an instruction set.

3. Hardware  →  3.1. Computer architecture

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6

The table contains statements about error detection methods. Complete the table by giving the correct error detection method for each statement. error detection method statement …………………………………………… An odd or even process can be used. …………………………………………… A value is calculated from the data, using an algorithm. This happens before and after the data is transmitted. …………………………………………… A copy of the data is sent back to the sender by the receiver. …………………………………………… Acknowledgement and timeout are used. …………………………………………… A value is appended to data that has been calculated using the data. This value is checked on data entry.

2. Data transmission  →  2.2. Methods of error detection

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7

A computer has both a media access control (MAC) address and an internet protocol (IP) address. Tick (3) one box to show which of the statements is correct about the MAC address. A It is assigned by the manufacturer. B It is assigned by a router. C It can be static or dynamic. D It is made up of three different parts. An IP address can have an IPv4 or IPv6 format. Give an example of an IP address that has an IPv4 format. Give two characteristics of the IPv6 format.

3. Hardware  →  3.4. Network hardware

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8

A company has a website that is suffering a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. Draw and annotate a diagram to show the process of the DDoS. Identify a solution that can be used to help prevent the DDoS attack being successful.

5. The internet and its uses  →  5.3. Cyber security

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9

A company uses both solid-state and optical secondary storage. Explain why a computer needs secondary storage. Describe three differences between solid-state and optical storage.

3. Hardware  →  3.3. Data storage

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10

A garage uses an expert system to help diagnose any problems with cars that need repair. The expert system is an example of artificial intelligence (A. Describe what is meant by AI. A car has a problem with its braking system, so it is brought into the garage. Explain how the expert system operates and how it is used to help diagnose the problem.

6. Automated and emerging technologies  →  6.3. Artificial intelligence

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11

A company has a website. Users use the internet and the world wide web to access the website. Describe the difference between the internet and the world wide web. The website has a uniform resource locator (URL). The URL has three different parts. Identify the three different parts that are included in the URL. One function of a web browser is to provide an address bar for a user to enter a URL. Give three other functions of a web browser.

5. The internet and its uses  →  5.1. The internet and the world wide web

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