---

---

1

A bus is travelling between points A and D. There are bus stops at A, B, C and D but the bus does not stop at B and C. is a speed-time graph for the bus. speed km / h 1.0 2.0 A B C D 3.0 4.0 time / min 5.0 Describe the motion of the bus between each of the bus stops. Select the appropriate description from the list below. constant acceleration decreasing acceleration increasing acceleration moving backwards at constant speed moving forwards at constant speed stationary 1. between A and B 2. between B and C 3. between C and D The average speed of the bus between A and D is 23 km / h. Calculate the distance between A and D. distance = The bus stops at D for 1 min and then travels at a constant acceleration for 30 seconds. On , sketch a possible graph for this additional motion. Label X when the bus starts to accelerate and label Y for 30 seconds later.

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion

Open

2

shows a model fire engine. Its brakes are applied. FIRE model fire engine containing water tank jet of water 0.80 kg of water is emitted in the jet every 6.0 s at a velocity of 0.72 m / s relative to the model. Calculate the change in momentum of the water that is ejected in 6.0 s. momentum = Calculate the magnitude of the force acting on the model because of the jet of water. force = The brakes of the model are released. State and explain the direction of the acceleration of the model. Statement Explanation In the model contains a water tank, which is initially full. State and explain any change in the magnitude of the initial acceleration if the brakes are first released when the tank is nearly empty. Statement Explanation

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.6. Momentum

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.1. Effects of forces

Open

3

shows solar cells used to generate electrical energy. State the main form of energy transferred from the Sun to the solar cells for the generation of electrical energy. Consider the generation of electrical energy by a large number of solar cells, as shown in . State one environmental advantage and one environmental disadvantage. advantage disadvantage State and explain whether this source of electrical energy is renewable. Each group of solar cells is arranged in a rectangle 1.2 m × 2.8 m. The solar cells are situated in a region where 260 W of solar energy is received per square metre of the cells. The electrical output of each group of solar cells is a current of 2.5 A with a potential difference of 86 V. Calculate the efficiency of the solar cells. efficiency = %

1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.3. Energy resources

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.5. Electrical energy and electrical power

Open

4

State and explain, in terms of molecules, any change in the pressure of a gas when the volume is reduced at a constant temperature. Statement Explanation Complete Table 4.1 to give the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of gases, liquids and solids for the same increase of temperature. Write one of these words in each blank space: gas liquid solid Table 4.1 expands most expands least

2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.1. Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases

2. Thermal physics  →  2.1.3. Gases and the absolute scale of temperature

Open

5

A liquid is heated so that bubbles of its vapour rise to the surface and molecules escape to the atmosphere. State the name of this process At a lower temperature than in , molecules escape from the surface to the atmosphere. State the name of this process shows apparatus used to determine the power output of a heater. electric heater metal block thermometer The metal block has a mass of 2.7 kg. The metal of the block has a specific heat capacity of 900 J / (kg °C). In 2 min 30 s, the temperature of the block increases from 21 °C to 39 °C. Calculate the power of the heater. power = State and explain a precaution that can be taken to improve the accuracy of the experiment. Statement Explanation

2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.2. Specific heat capacity

2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.3. Melting, boiling and evaporation

Open

6

shows a water wave in a ripple tank. original wave direction new wave direction region A region B State the name of the process that occurs as the wave moves from region A to region B. Suggest a cause for the change in direction of the wave. shows a transverse wave. displacement time On , draw a wave which has half the amplitude and a greater frequency than the wave shown. A train travels along steel rails. A person waiting at a station hears the sound of the train through the rails before he hears the sound through the air. Explain why this happens. The speed of sound in the rails is 5800 m / s. Calculate the wavelength of sound of frequency 1100 Hz travelling at this speed. wavelength =

3. Waves  →  3.1. General properties of waves

Open

7

In , a converging lens projects a sharp image of an object O on to a screen. Complete the paths of the two rays from the object to the screen. converging lens screen O The converging lens in is replaced with a thinner converging lens. The object O and the screen remain in the same positions as in . The thinner converging lens has a longer focal length than the converging lens in . Complete the paths of the two rays from the object to the screen in . thinner converging lens screen O A converging lens is used as a magnifying glass. The focal length of the lens is 10 cm. Describe the position of the object in relation to the lens. Describe the position of the image in relation to the lens and the object. Give three properties of the image formed by a magnifying glass.

3. Waves  →  3.2.3. Thin lenses

Open

8

A conducting sphere is mounted on an insulating stand. Explain how you would use a positively charged rod of insulating material to charge the sphere by induction. shows an electronic component. State the name of the component shown in In the space below, write down the truth table for a NAND gate. shows the connections to two logic gates. C B A D E Table 8.1 shows part of the truth table for the arrangement of logic gates in . Complete Table 8.1 for the input values shown. Table 8.1 inputs intermediate point output A B C D E

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.1. Electric charge

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.1. Electromagnetic induction

Open

9

Describe how to demagnetise a bar magnet using alternating current (a.c.) in a coil. shows a simple direct current (d.c.) motor. d.c. power supply split-ring commutator coil N S Explain the purpose of the split-ring commutator. The voltage of the power supply is increased. State the effect this has on the motor.

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.5. The d.c. motor

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.2. The a.c. generator

Open

10

shows a circuit containing a filament lamp of resistance 0.30 Ω and two resistors, each of resistance 0.20 Ω. 0.20 Ω 0.20 Ω 0.30Ω Calculate the combined resistance of the lamp and the two resistors. resistance = The potential difference (p.d.) of the supply is increased so that the current in the lamp increases. State and explain any change in the resistance of the lamp. Statement Explanation

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance

4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.2. Series and parallel circuits

Open

11

A radon-222 nucleus contains 86 protons and 136 neutrons. It decays by emitting an α-particle and becomes a nucleus of an isotope of polonium. The symbol for radon is Rn and the symbol for polonium is Po. Write down the nuclide equation for this decay. Carbon-14 is radioactive with a half-life of 5700 years. An animal bone is dug up in an archaeological excavation. The quantity of carbon-14 in the bone is 25% of what it was when the bone was buried. Calculate the time that has elapsed since it was buried. time = years

5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.3. Radioactive decay

5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.4. Half-life

Open