5054_w06_qp_2
A paper of Physics, 5054
Questions:
11
Year:
2006
Paper:
2
Variant:
0
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1
represents the motion of a car along a straight road. As the car approaches a small town, it slows down. The car travels at a constant speed from the start of the town to the end of the town. After passing through the town, the car speeds up. Determine the speed of the car in the town. speed = Determine the time taken by the car to pass through the town. time taken = Calculate the distance travelled by the car in the town. distance = The car accelerates after passing through the town. Calculate the acceleration. Give the unit of your answer. acceleration = 0 10 20 30 car reaches start of town car reaches start of town car reaches end of town car reaches end of town speed m / s time / s
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion
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2
shows apparatus that demonstrates how a coin and a piece of paper fall from rest. At the positions shown in , the coin and paper are falling through air in the tube. The forces on them are shown in . The length of an arrow indicates the size of each force. State the initial value of the acceleration of the coin as it falls. Explain how shows that the paper falls with constant speed, the coin accelerates. A vacuum pump is connected to A and the air in the tube is removed. The coin and paper fall differently in a vacuum from the way they fall in air. State two of these differences. 1. 2. air resistance weight piece of paper air resistance weight coin piece of paper tube containing air coin A Use
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.2. Motion
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.8. Pressure
3. Waves  →  3.4. Sound
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3
Three horizontal rods are placed with one end just above a Bunsen flame. The other end of each rod is coated with wax, as shown in . Describe how you would use the apparatus to discover which rod is the best conductor of heat. Two metal teapots are identical except that one is black on the outside and the other is white on the outside, as shown in . The teapots each contain the same amount of hot water. State and explain which teapot will cool down more quickly. copper brass glass wax wax wax Use
2. Thermal physics  →  2.3.1. Conduction
2. Thermal physics  →  2.2.2. Specific heat capacity
2. Thermal physics  →  2.3.4. Consequences of thermal energy transfer
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5
shows a magnet, two compasses and two nails. On , draw an arrow in each compass to show the direction of the magnetic field at the two positions. The magnet causes the nails to become magnetised by induction. Both ends of each nail become magnetic poles. On , mark an N or an S at each end of the two nails to show the magnetic poles. When the magnet is removed, the nails are still magnetised. Describe with the aid of a diagram how the nails can be demagnetised. compass compass nails magnet S N Use
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.1. Simple magnetism and magnetic fields
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6
shows a device used to generate electricity. Water entering at the top turns the wheel. A generator connected to the wheel produces electric current. State the two main energy changes that take place in this device as water starts to flow. 1. 2. The change in the potential energy of the water every second is 2000 J. The electrical energy output is 1200 J every second. Calculate the efficiency of the process. efficiency = State two ways in which the device wastes energy. 1. 2. water out water in generator wheel Use
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.1. Uses of electricity
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.4. Efficiency
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.7.3. Energy resources
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7
shows one way to demonstrate an electrical effect. As the wire is moved downwards between the magnetic poles, the needle of the ammeter deflects to the right. State the name of this electrical effect. State what happens to the needle of the ammeter when the wire is moved upwards between the magnetic poles. State and explain what happens when the wire is held stationary between the magnetic poles. N S sensitive ammeter Use
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.3. Magnetic effect of a current
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.4. Forces on a current-carrying conductor
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.5.1. Electromagnetic induction
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8
shows an electrical circuit using two resistors. The switch S is open and the ammeter reading is zero. State the value of the potential difference across the 6  resistor. potential difference = Switch S is now closed. State the value of the total resistance of the circuit. resistance = Calculate the current in the ammeter. State clearly the formula that you use. current = Calculate the potential difference across the 6  resistor. p.d. = A S 16V Use
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.2.4. Resistance
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.2. Series and parallel circuits
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.3.3. Action and use of circuit components
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9
shows a thin sheet of metal suspended from a hole in one corner at A. The weight of the metal is 0.10 N and the centre of mass is at B. The diagram is drawn full scale. Describe in detail how you would experimentally determine the position of the centre of mass of the sheet of metal. The sheet turns because of the moment of the weight about point A. Define what is meant by the moment of a force. Using a distance measured on , calculate the moment of the weight about point A. State clearly which distance you measured and give the unit of your final answer. and show a thick piece of wood with one corner on a table. shows the same piece of wood balanced on the table. B is the centre of mass. Explain why in the piece of wood falls to the right and in it falls to the left. Explain why the piece of wood in does not fall over. Suggest how the thickness of the wood in affects its stability. B B B A B weight 0.10 N full scale
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.6. Centre of gravity
1. Motion, forces and energy  →  1.5.5. Turning effect of forces
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10
shows a cable containing three wires coloured brown, blue and yellow/green, and a mains plug with the cover removed. Describe how to connect the cable and the three wires correctly and safely to the plug. The table lamp shown in is made from plastic. It has only two wires in the cable to connect it to the plug. The lamp has a power rating of 100 W and is used with a 230 V supply. Which wire, earth, live or neutral, is not needed in the cable for the lamp? Explain why the lamp is safe to use even though it has only two wires in the cable. Explain what is meant by a power rating of 100 W. Calculate the value of the fuse that should be used in the plug for this lamp. Calculate the electrical energy supplied to the lamp in 30 minutes. cable blue yellow / green brown cable cable grip fuse neutral earth live
4. Electricity and magnetism  →  4.4.2. Electrical safety
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11
Stars that are being formed emit infra-red radiation. Some of this radiation is received by a telescope that orbits the Earth. Microwave signals from the telescope are sent to the Earth’s surface, as shown in . Microwaves travel at a speed of 300 000 km/s. The telescope is 600 km above the Earth’s surface. Calculate the time for a microwave signal from the telescope to reach the Earth’s surface. Infra-red and microwave radiation are both part of the electromagnetic spectrum. State two other similarities and give one difference between infra-red and microwave radiation. As clouds of gas and dust come together to form a star, there is an energy change similar to the energy change as a ball falls to the ground. The temperature in the clouds of dust and gas becomes so high that nuclear fusion occurs. In one such reaction, two isotopes of hydrogen, 2 1H and 3 1H, fuse together. Explain why the gas and dust come together. State the energy change that causes the rise in temperature as the gas and dust come together. Explain why high temperatures are needed for nuclear fusion to occur. Describe the structure of a nucleus of 3 1H. State which element is created by the fusion of two hydrogen nuclei. State one effect of nuclear fusion on a star. Earth microwaves telescope infra-red radiation distant star not to scale
6. Space physics  →  6.2.2. Stars
5. Nuclear physics  →  5.2.4. Fission and fusion
6. Space physics  →  6.2.1. The Sun as a star
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